E-government for State Business Services Rutgers Faculty: Dr. Nabil Adam Dr. Vijay Atluri Dr. Francisco Artigas Students: Soon ae Chun Pietro Mazzoleni Ahmed Gomaa

E-Government Project Collaboration with The State of New Jersey Office of Information Technology Department of Commerce Department of Revenue Department of Commercial Recording Department of Environmental Protection Columbia, UMBC, CUNY New Jersey Small Business Development Center

Collaborators Rutgers-CIMIC (workflow, interoperability, GIS) Nabil Adam, Vijay Atluri, Francisco Artigas, Soon Chun, Dihua Guo, Ahmed Gomaa, Pietro Mazzoleni NJ State Government (The Development of individual portals at each agency, Security and Privacy Wendy Rayner (CIO), Adel Ebeid (CTO), Odysseus Marcopolus (Director, EGOV), Sue Colbert (EGOV, manager) Columbia (ontology and interoperability) Kathy Mcowen, Vasilios Hatzivassiloglou, Melania Degeratu UMBC (workflow validation) Yelena Yesha CUNY (implementation) Richard Holowzcak Small Business Development Center (evaluation of the prototype) Web site: http://cimic.rutgers.edu/dgov

Outline State Government Objectives and Efforts Research Areas and Issues Prototype

State Government Objectives OIT has established the EGOV division EGOV’s goal is to develop a E-government portal that redefines the way in which citizens, government and businesses exchange information Most state government agencies currently offer services/information via the web, independently To make the entire process of registering a new business with the state transparent to users

Problems What information is available for my business? Web pages,documents, forms, news, rules and regulations, maps, other business related information is available, but either it is abundant, or hidden Which agencies are relevant, what steps do I need to perform? In which order? Permits from different agencies Why do I have to submit redundant information to various agencies? User information is hardly shared across agencies

Register business for taxes Example: Business Registration Process file for certificate of incorp Secretary of State FEIN enter new business entity Register business for taxes open bank accnt apply for Employer reg number Insurance not incorp Local IRS Div. Of Revenue Dept of labor Cert of authority for sales tax Annual payroll >=1000 hire >= 1 Input application bs Payroll<1000 incorporation bc process state permits identify permits needed submit form/fee DEP complex process; Users are often lost, overwhelmed with information Geographically and functionally dispersed agencies Autonomy of agencies with their own business policies and processes Individual clients interact with each agency duplicate information is submitted for each agency

Our Objective Address the research challenges that arise in this process Develop a prototype that includes our solutions Transfer the technology to NJ state Build on existing web based services already developed by the state agencies

More Specific Goal Address the research issues required to guide entrepreneurs through these various processes generate the exact steps required for the specific business type, and the sequence in which they need to be executed, and by which agency (we call this a workflow) provide monitoring of the status protect the security and privacy of user information

Research Areas Workflow Systems GIS-based Business Information services Ontology and Interoperability

Architecture

Workflows: Research Objectives Automatic rule-based generation of customized workflows Provision of decentralized control for workflows Address the conflict-of-Interest issues among competing enterprises Provide mechanisms for dynamic workflows to handle run-time changes and exceptions Automatic validation of workflows Interoperation of among heterogeneous systems

Workflows: Research Objectives Automatic rule-based generation of customized workflows Provision of decentralized control for workflows Address the conflict-of-Interest issues among competing enterprises Provide mechanisms for dynamic workflows to handle run-time changes and exceptions Automatic validation of workflows Interoperation of among heterogeneous systems

Automatic Generation of Customized Workflows Complete specification of business processes at the Design phase: requires enumerating all possibilities May not be feasible error prone Hard to debug or change Rule-based generation of customized workflow definition, given User Profile, Services, Business Rules Compact representation of workflow Easy to design Lead to faster reaction to customer demands and timely reaction to changing tasks/services or participating agencies

Architecture Business Rule Base Interview Session Customized User Profile Rule Base Customized Workflow generator Business

Interview Session Type of Business INPUT FROM RULES TO Type of Busin Type bus=Sol Pr & gp Fictitious Name Type bus=Corp & lim Local foreign Local Foreign Begin on success Name & Location Fictitius Name Kind of business Kind bus = Autobody Autobody interv. Kind bus != autobody End interview Type of Business INPUT

Interview Session Type of Business Type of Business Local & Foreign FROM RULES TO Type of Busin Type bus=Sol Pr & gp Fictitious Name Type bus=Corp & lim Local foreign Local Foreign Begin on success Name & Location Fictitius Name Kind of business Kind bus = Autobody Autobody interv. Kind bus != autobody End interview Type of Business Type of Business Local & Foreign INPUT

Interview Session Easy to adapt to changes (add, delete, etc.) Type of Business Local & Foreign Name & Location Easy to adapt to changes (add, delete, etc.) Easy to create new application interview Reusable interview steps Rules/knowledge based interview steps

Architecture Agency 1 Task Execution Agent Local DB Interoperability Workflow Interface Customized Worflow generator WFMS Stub Form & Service Agency 1 Task Execution Agent Interoperability WFMS Stub Local DB Agency N

Workflow Generation Input Kind busin = Corporation DMV DMV Cert. Of Autobody Kind of busin <> Corp. Autobody && spray Begin on success DEP File for Fein File for Fein STATIC RULES Begin on Success Reg. Bus For Taxes Reg. Bus For Taxes

INTERACTIVE FORMS Don’t need to print Easy to use FORM PDF Don’t need to print Easy to use Real-time Error checking

Filling a Form TEMPLATE PRE FILLED USER USER PROFILE COMP. FILLED

Workflows: Research Objectives Automatic rule-based generation of customized workflows Provision of decentralized control for workflows Address the conflict-of-Interest issues among competing enterprises Provide mechanisms for dynamic workflows to handle run-time changes and exceptions Automatic validation of workflows Interoperation of among heterogeneous systems

Decentralized Control Problems with Centralized Control Performance bottleneck do not scale well not suitable if systems are inherently autonomous and distributed bs Central WFMS t2 t1 t4 bs t3 bf A1 (t1) A3 (t3) A2 (t2) A4 (t4)

Our Approach to Decentralized Workflow Management Self-describing Workflow Workflow Stub WFMS server (A0) t2 bs t1 t4 self describing workflow WFMS stub bs t3 bf (t1, A1, Input (t1), t2 bs t1 t4 bs t3 bs WFMS Stub WFMS Stub (t2, A2, Input (t2), A2 (t2) t2 WFMS Stub A1 (t1) A4 (t4) (t3, A3, Input (t3), (t4, A4, Input (t4), WFMS Stub t4 t4 t3 bs A3 (t3)

Workflows: Research Objectives Automatic rule-based generation of customized workflows Provision of decentralized control for workflows Address the conflict-of-Interest issues among competing enterprises Provide mechanisms for dynamic workflows to handle run-time changes and exceptions Automatic validation of workflows Interoperation of among heterogeneous systems

Conflict of Interest Groups Task Agents COI group1 COI group2 COI group n Continental Delta Holiday Inn Marriot Avis Hertz

Chinese Wall Security Policy Objective: prevent information flows that cause conflict of interest for individual consultants Brewer and Nash Model Read Rule Discretionary access Mandatory denial r X consultant Bank B Bank A r w Insurance Oil B

Chinese Wall Security Policy Read Rule: One can read an object only if the object is within the wall, Write Rule: One can write to an object only if he can read it by the Read rule no object can be read which is in the different company set to the one for which write access is requested w Bank A Oil A Consultant A r X r Oil B Consultant B w

Decentralized Control: Problem Execution agents may have conflict of interest one agent can manipulate control or value dependencies in Workflow to its advantage e.g. Continental may offer the ticket at a price such that Delta is always at a disadvantage HILTON Enter Input Date/destination Reserve airline Rent a car bs clerk HERTZ Bs and p<=$400 Notify Reserve a hotel Bf or p>$400 CONTINENTAL Date <3/21/01 DELTA AVIS

Will Cryptography Work? Onion Ring: Mobile code security, distributed computing A message for each execution agent is encrypted with the agent’s key Works for predefined execution paths => can’t work in case of workflows as a result of dynamic execution paths based on the state P m1 m2 m3 host1 host1 host1 Key(A) Key(B) Key(C) Encrypted control information and destination: wouldn’t be able to evaluate control info or destination

Workflows: Research Objectives Automatic rule-based generation of customized workflows Provision of decentralized control for workflows Address the conflict-of-Interest issues among competing enterprises Provide mechanisms for dynamic workflows to handle run-time changes and exceptions Automatic validation of workflows Interoperation of among heterogeneous systems

Dynamic Workflows In the real world, Dynamic Workflow should address workflows are dynamically evolving ad hoc deviations from preplanned workflows happen Predicting and capturing all possible runtime exceptions and events at design time is not possible business rule base may evolve Dynamic Workflow should address Detection and propagation of changes User Triggered Run time modification Global and local Business policy and rule changes Run-time Exceptions

Research Areas Workflow Systems GIS-based Business Information services Ontology and Interoperability

GIS-based Business Services Interactive mapping services to help in deciding the business location find available property, rent rates, environmental restrictions, contaminated sites, location of basic services (e.g. banks, gas stations, schools, hospitals etc.), basic demographics from census (e.g. median income, age, education, etc.), Transportation infrastructure, traffic flow patterns, zoning regulations and building codes local business incentive programs competing businesses

System Architecture -- Rutgers University -- GIS Services GIS Interface

GIS based Business Information Service

Research Areas Workflow Systems GIS-based Business Information services Ontology and Interoperability

Architecture -- Columbia University -- Ontology Component

Automatic Generation of Business Rules ID CONDITION TASK 1 Btype = Corporation File certificate of Incorporation 2 Business = Autobody Shop Obtain DMV Permit 3 Autobody Shop and Spray Painting Obtain DEP Permit

Prototype Phase 1 Phase 2 Using existing web based services Integrating with the NJ Division of Revenue Phase 2 Transfer technology to NJ Division of Revenue Incrementally Expand to other agencies New services

… Phase 1: Current Status CENTRAL SERVER Revenue Revenue Labor DMV DEP Business Registrarion Name Registration Entity Filing Revenue Revenue Labor DMV DEP Entity Filing Name Registration Form Business Registrarion

Phase 1: Prototype General Interface Customized Workflow Complete Workflow For Revenue Division Customized link with their services Incremental Expansion

Phase1: Customized Workflow BUSINESS RULES CENTRAL WEB-SERVICES USER CENTRAL SERVER ! Addresses the following questions Which Agencies do I have to contact? Which services are already on the web? What I have to do first?

Phase 2: Objectives BUSINESS PORTAL DEPLOY PROTOTYPE TO REVENUE DIV. Build on the services already implemented on the web by state agencies Create a workflow Interface for all the different services BUSINESS PORTAL

Phase 2: Prototype Include All the agencies Complete workflow Monitoring Pre-filling services INTEGRATE EXISTING BUSINESS SERVICES

… Future Scenario USER CENTRAL SERVER Agency N Agency 1 Agency 2 BUSINESS RULE CENTRAL WEB-SERVICE USER CENTRAL SERVER READY FOR BUSINESS … Agency N Agency 1 Agency 2

Integration of Agency Systems: Alternative solutions Interview Steps Rule Base Rule Base Workflow Customized Workflow generation Client Interview session Forms Base User profile monitoring WFMS Cental Server Agency 1 Agency 2 Agency n WFMS Stub WFMS Stub WFMS Stub

Only By E-mail 1 E-MAIL PROGRAM AGENCY PROGRAM FORM AGENCY DB DISPLAY PRINT AGENCY CLIENT

Connection and Storage 2 FORM DB AGENCY PROGRAM FORM & WF CLIENT INTERFACE User friendly interface Show list of tasks Send output information to stub COLLABORATION Provide Account mail Storage space for forms Install a lightweight application on the server WORKFLOW STUB Read Form Data Interact with User interface Update workflow Forward to the next agencies CLIENT INTERF STUB AGENCY DB OUT & WF AGENCY CLIENT

Application interaction 3 FORM DB AGENCY PROGRAM FDF & WF APPLICATION INTERF. Worklists for users Direct Interface with Agency Applications COLLABORATION Provide a mail account Provide storage space Provide information on Ag. Application Systems Application Interface STUB AGENCY DB FEE SECURE CONNECTION OUT & WF AGENCY CLIENT FIREWALL

NJ Portal Solution 4 OTHER SERVICES Statistics Monitoring FORM DB AGENCY PROGRAM OTHER SERVICES News from the agency Statistics Monitoring Tax/form expiration due dates Fee change information etc... FDF & WF STUB Application Interface AGENCY DB OUT & WF OTHER SERVICES AGENCY CLIENT FIREWALL

More details about the prototype will be shown in the demo session Web site: http://cimic.rutgers.edu/dgov