Hayden Asmussen, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning 15/06/

Overview 2 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

Overview 3 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? 4 Australian spatial policy, governance and implementation ANZLIC – the Spatial Information Council Positioning: Australia’s authoritative spatial referencing system. Includes GNSS CORS, Survey control networks, geodetic processing, analysis and modelling, geoid and bathymetric surfaces. Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping (ICSM) Permanent Committee on Geodesy (PCG) Development and implementation of geodetic policy Coordination of national geodetic programs GDA Modernisation Implementation Working Group - GMIWG Implementation of GDA2020

5 Victorian Representatives ANZLIC - Claire Foo – Executive Director – Spatial Services (DELWP) ICSM - John Tulloch – Surveyor General PCG - Roger Fraser (OSGV) GMIWG - Alena Moison (DELWP) Dave Collett (OSGV) Hayden Asmussen (DELWP) GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it?

Overview 6 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

GDA2020 – WHAT is it? 7 A two-frame datum concept 1. Static frame Conventional static datum with rigorous uncertainty Just like GDA94, i.e. based on ITRF and fixed at a specific epoch: GDA94 = GDA2020= Implementation from 1 January 2017 Plate motion model + distortion model Horizontal shift of approximately 1.8m compared to GDA94 2. Continuously realised frame Time dependent reference frame Continuously realised (or aligned with ITRF) Proposed for 2020 onwards Full deformation modelling capability Static frame maintained until no longer needed

8 Eight Australian Fiducial Network (AFN) GPS CORS sites in Australia, established early 1990s AFN sites formed part of a global tracking network contributing to ITRF GDA94 = ITRF epoch A static datum HOLD ON - WHAT is GDA94?

8 AFN GPS CORS sites, observed with global IGS network Gazetted with static (fixed) coordinates 9 Australian Fiducial Network HOLD ON - WHAT is GDA94?

78 conventional Trig stations 1992 GPS campaign Australian National Network HOLD ON - WHAT is GDA94?

11 Victorian state-wide adjustment, holding ANN coordinates ‘fixed’ HOLD ON - WHAT is GDA94?

12 HOLD ON - WHAT is GDA94? GDA94 is our Current Datum It has served Australia well, but it has some problems Distortions (up to 30 cm) Plate motion ~7 cm / year (1.8 m by 2020) GDA94 does not have rigorous uncertainty

GDA2020 – WHAT is it? 13 Conventional static datum like GDA94 but with rigorous uncertainty Just like GDA94, i.e. based on ITRF and fixed at a specific epoch: GDA94 = GDA2020= Implementation from 1 January 2017 Plate motion model + distortion model Horizontal shift of approximately 1.8m compared to GDA94 GDA2020 is our NEW Datum

GDA2020 – WHAT is its establishment? 14 Based on the AuScope network Based on the APREF realisation of ITRF 2014

GDA2020 – WHAT is the rollout? 15 Continuously realised GDA94 Recognised Value Standard (RVS) Update National re-adjustment Victorian GDA94 re-adjustment Divergence of GDA94 from ITRF (metres) 7cm per year GDA2020 STAGE 1 (Static) STAGE 2 (Dynamic) Roadmap endorsed by ICSM and ANZLIC

GDA2020 – WHAT are the consumables? 16 Permanent Committee on Geodesy (PCG) Technical products to be made available: 1.Conformal transformation parameters 2.A grid file incorporating conformal transformation and distortions in GDA94 realisation 3.A plate motion model Implementation Working Group (GMIWG) Assistance to be made available: 1.Online Datum transformation/conversion tools 2.Conduct online surveys and stakeholder engagement to understand needs and address concerns 3.An online forum to discuss user implementation requirements/concerns – Q&A 4.Collate and distribute promotional material to Datum users

Overview 17 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

~7 cm / year 1.8 m by 2020 GDA WHY do we need a new datum? ITRF position (from GPS) vs GDA94 position

GDA WHY do we need a new datum? 19 Image sources: ga.gov.au, depi.vic.gov.au The Earth’s landscape is changing Spatial and temporal change Local and regional effect Seismic (irregular), tectonic (regular) Natural, anthropogenic (man-made)

Ubiquitous, accurate GNSS-assisted positioning in real time is inevitable Centimetre positioning via smartphones is almost here Intelligent transport: positioning relative to precisely mapped features requires a reference frame aligned with ITRF Source: GDA WHY do we need a new datum?

21 We want to align ourselves with ITRF The International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) International Standard for positioning The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is its realisation GNSS (GPS, Glonass, Galileo, Beidou, …) inherently work in ITRF Precise positioning service providers inherently work in ITRF High resolution imagery is collected with respect ITRF LiDAR is collected with respect ITRF GDA WHY do we need a new datum?

ITRF image, GDA94 position GDA94 image, ITRF position 10cm imagery with precise positioning instantly reveals a mismatch in reference frames Which one is right? Melbourne Observatory GNSS CORS

Overview 23 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

GDA2020 – HOW? Using CORS as an Example

GDA2020 – HOW? - CORS Components 25 GNSS Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Centre(s) Hardware Software Application Support CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP)

GNSS Data Relationships 26 GNSS Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) GDA2020 – HOW? – Data Relationships

27 GNSS (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Business & Tech Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Business & Tech Relationship CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) Business & Tech Relationship Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) GDA2020 – HOW? – Business and Tech Relationships

28 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) GDA2020 – HOW? – GDA94 Relationships

29 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) GDA2020 – HOW? – GDA94 Relationships

30 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94 GDA2020 – HOW? – GDA94 Relationships

31 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94 GDA2020 – HOW? – What If?

32 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94 GDA2020 – HOW? – What If?

33 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94 GDA2020 – HOW? – What If?

34 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94 GDA2020 – HOW? – What If?

GNSS Datum Relationships – GDA2020 – What if? 35 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) ? GDA94

GNSS Datum Relationships – GDA2020 – What if? 36 GNSS CORS Networks (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) Data Centre(s) AllDayRTK SmartNetAUS VRSNow End User Agriculture Construction Mapping Survey Dealer/Supplier/Vendor Data Relationship Data Centre(s) Data Data Relationship Hardware Software Application Support Data Centre(s) (AusCORS, CORSNet-NSW, GPSnet etc…) GDA94 ! GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA94 ? GDA94 GDA2020 ? Business & Tech Relationship GDA2020 ? Private CORS (UHF/VHF/NTRIP) PPP Dealer Array Local Single Base (SAT/UHF/VHF/NTRIP) GDA2020 ? ? GDA94 GDA2020 ?

GDA HOW do Reference frames matter? 37 Can we safely ignore reference frames if we want precise positioning?

Overview 38 GDA2020 – WHO’s idea was it? GDA2020 – WHAT is it? GDA2020 – WHY do we need a new Datum? GDA2020 – HOW do we do it? GDA2020 – FEEDBACK so far

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Current Software 39

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Transformation Tools 40

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Implementation Date 41

42 GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Implementation Date

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK - Envisaged Issues 43

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK - Envisaged Issues by Role 44

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK - Envisaged Issues by Sector 45

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – What are the Issues? 46

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Desired Tools 47

GDA2020 – FEEDBACK – Regular Updates 48

49 QUESTIONS?

50 HOLD ON - WHAT About Height? Just like GDA94 has experienced iterations of the geoid model so too will GDA2020 GDA94 = Ausgeoid98, Ausgeoid09 GDA2020= Ausgeoid2020 Implementation from ? Vertical adjustment of +0.1m (approx) to align more coherently with AHD Note - AHD will NOT Change in the short term! “Ausgeoid2020” will be the New Geoid Model