Hand foot mouth disease

It is a frequent viral infection in children below 5 years due to infection by enterovirus mostly coxackie A16. It is highly infectious. It transmitted by coughing and sneezing or feco- oral. It cause fever and sores and vesicles involving the mouth and pharynx, and the hand and arms and feet and buttocks. It resolves spontaneously by 1 week. Cold ice fluid may help the sore mouth.

Herpes simplex HSV-1 and HSV-2. infections. Hsv-1 called oral virus commonly cause lip sore. HSV-2 is genital cause genital area sore and can infect the newborn during delivery and may lead to encephalitis. Common infections by herpes includes encephalitis in older children by HSV1.Other forms like; Whitlow infection of fingers, eczema herpeticum; with severe infection of eczema lesion site, and Gingivostomatitis ; is mouth and gingiva infection that may needs oral acyclovir and local anesthetic gell,and even I.V FUID due to difficult feeding.

Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

HERPETIC WHITLOW

Kala azar visceral leishmaniasis Parasitic infection endemic in Baghdad.india,sudan,africa.caused by many types of leishmania well known one; L. donovani, transmitted by Sand fly.cause prolonged irregular fever hepatosplenomegaly,lymphadenopathy, Anemia loss of weight,alopecia infections due to neutropenia,bone marrow invasion and suppression with thrombocytopenia. Diagnosis depend on serological for antibodies followed by PCR. MORE DIAGNOSTIC definite TEST IS TO SEE THE PARASITE IN THE BONE MARROW ASPIRATE 65%.splenic needle aspirate give95% positive.treatment is by IV sodium stiboguluconate(pentostam),for 3 weeks.

Leishmania inside the cells in bone marrow