AP US History Chapter One
The Development of the Americas vs Europe 1) Americas developed in isolation 2) No real large scale use of domesticated large mammals in the Americas 3) Lack of domestication led to a lack of immunities to diseases in the Americas 4) The north south axis in the Americas prevented the spread of crops and technology in the Americas
The Bering Strait Land Bridge brought nomadic tribes that developed into 100’s of tribes & over 400 languages
Pre-Columbus map of America tribes. Tribes were semi-nomadic people & maize was their staple crop
3 Sisters agricultural method of American Indians
Hohokam, Anasazi & Pueblo SW tribes lived in cliff dwellings & used massive irrigation systems for their crops
NW settlements lived in isolated mountain regions with rich diets based on hunting, fishing and agriculture
Northwestern tribes used totem poles to record their history and religious observances
The Plains Natives followed the Buffalo for their source of life on foot until the advent of the horse from the Spanish
The plains natives used all parts of the Buffalo in order to survive. The Sioux became one of the dominant tribes
The Mississippians of the Mid-West dominated the Mississippi River Valleys
The Northeast was dominated by the warlike Iroquois Confederacy living in longhouses by the mother’s lineage
The Atlantic coast natives lived in timber/bark lodges & farmed & fished along the many rivers
American Indians tended to live w/ nature as opposed to Europeans who worked to tame it
Polynesian sailors landing on the West Coast of South America
500 years ago there is strong evidence that the Kingdom of Mali sailed 150 ships safely to Central America
There’s new evidence of the Knights of the Templar landing in northeastern North America
The Vikings absolutely landed in Greenland and Northeastern Canada
Portuguese sugar plantations of Sao Tome & Principe used African slaves
Isabella & Ferdinand united Spain, defeated the Moors, started a nation state launching Age of Exploration
Spain used Christianity to justify its powerful navy to impose its will on American Indians
Gutenberg's printing press spread knowledge rapidly across Europe during the Renaissance
The magnetic compass replaced the astrolabe. It originated in China & spread to the Middle East then Europe
Caravels helped ships sail against the wind w/ their triangular sails
Other European advances that allowed for exploration Improved rudders for steering Greater mapmaking abilities that helped spread knowledge of wind and ocean patterns Improved waterproofing techniques learned from the Chinese & Arabs
Early European Exploration of the Americas w/ the technological advances after the Renaissance
The Conquistadors treated the American Indians brutally in their quest for riches
Small pox
The Ecomienda System left most American Indians dead in spite of being baptized as a Catholic
Early European colonization of the Americas
Pope’s Rebellion in modern day New Mexico only brought about 17 years of relief for the American Indians