They also thought so little of the brain that during mummification, they removed the brain entirely from bodies. Ancient Egyptians believed the heart was the center of intelligence and emotion.

Al-Khouarizmi was the first to explain the Hindu system of numerals. He created "Algebra" and "Arithmetic" around 820 AD. His Arithmetic book is the first Arab work that explains the decimal place value system.

GEARBOX Manual Automatic

ASCI Table International ASCII = 8 Bits US ASCII = 7 Bits DNS  IDN Courtesy of i-dns.net

What about OSI in the 1980s? IP started as a two-man effort –Grew dynamically by peer design, implementation and pragmatic experience –Added protocols came from systems needs OSI Protocols designed by international committee without implementation –Change control very bureaucratic –Tried to design a complete system OSI was mandated, IP by natural selection IP provided free on Unix by DARPA support and tested in numerous projects –OSI not really part of such a wide experimental action

Internet at Cross Roads Several new Services are starting to use the Internet – Mobility – as it develops – WiFi – growing rapidly – Several huge new countries – like China Many current services realise new needs –Security, mobility, multicast, re-configuration Internet Governance - key issue – WSIS - UN

So, Why Bother? E2E – The Best Kept Secret –Complexity rises as technology exceeds its design limits –Workarounds become endemic – Maintenance costs become excessive – Logical End-to-End model of networking sacrificed Phone Call + Call back End 2 End IP Multimedia Connection

So, Why Bother? E2E – The Best Kept Secret

from Geoff - dated August 21, 2003 „ It is possible to make the guess that even today, if all the NATS, gateways, DHCP pools, ALGs were to be removed from the network, and end-to-end address-based clear network-level peering were put in its place we'd be beyond IPv4 addressing capabilities right now". Quoting Geoff Houston

Internet around the world Nation (Internet code)Population (2003) Internet users (2002) % Internet Pene tratio n Rate Global IPv4 address assigned per country Current /8 equiv alent addresses needed to reach 20% H-ratio of 85% Number of IPv4 /8 required for 20% H- ratio of 85% 209 countries Worldwide6,321,688,311613,040, %2,455,834, ,229,490, Specified use (IANA)605,093, China (.cn)1,304,196,00056,600, %44,007, ,761,501, India (.in)1,065,462,0007,000, %2,804, ,699,132, Indonesia (.id)219,883,0004,400, %1,141, ,377, Brazil (.br)178,470,00013,980, %1,199, ,594, Pakistan (.pk)153,578,0001,200, %254, ,020, Bangladesh (.bd)146,736,000150, %128, ,655, Nigeria (.ng)124,009,000100, %114, ,679, Russia (.ru)143,246,00018,000, %7,638, ,059, Vietnam (.vn)81,377,000400, %159, ,758, Philippines (.ph)79,999,0004,500, %765, ,455, Mexico (.mx)103,457,0003,500, %6,311, ,369, Ethiopa (.et)70,678,00020, %16, ,830, Egypt (.eg)71,931,000600, %853, ,382, Iran (.ir)68,920,000420, %581, ,449, Turkey (.tr)71,325,0002,500, %2,429, ,553,

The Global IPv4 Gap

from Geoff - dated August 21, 2003 „ The carriers are firm believers in complexity-creation as the key to their longer term survival in this digital world, and their transition into V6 may well be one that will only happen once they see that all the cruft of complexity and "value adding" can be translated into this V6 world. Sad, but unfortunately it appears to be the case!". Quoting Geoff Houston

Helmut Leopold, Head of Platform and Technology Management April 2, 2004 „ In the future the Internet will become a uniform medium for telephone, data services, entertainment and much more. Within the coming years IPv6 will become an indispensable link between diverse services and network technologies, and thus will have central strategic importance in reducing costs and complexity for Telekom Austria !". Quoting Telekom Austria

””Carly Fiorina: ” Adaptive Information Technology ” The Next Big Thing IBM: ”On-Demand Computing” IBM: ”On-Demand Computing” Bill Gates: ” Seamless Computing ” Bill Gates: ” Seamless Computing ” Other Vendors: Other Vendors: > Ubiquitous Computing > Autonomous Computing > Autonomous Computing > Utility Computing > Utility Computing Forester Research: ” Organic Computing ” Forester Research: ” Organic Computing ” Gartner: ” Real-Time Computing ” Gartner: ” Real-Time Computing ” Vision Vision Hard to Name: Unglamorous Technology: ” Futility ” Futility Computing ” Computing ”

Roadmap to Most Advanced IT Nation! Service Type of network Terminal Broadcasting Cable, satellite terrestial Data Fixed Voice Fixed, wireless Telecoms Wireless Satellite Cable IPv6

Everything On The NET IPv6 CupperWirelessFiber PLC ‥‥

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End 2 End Secure Always-On Connection

Strategic Government Support Deployment Roadmap France Spain Denmark Ireland German MOD China US DOD US DOC Switzerland Austria eEurope 2005 CNGI 2005 e! 2005 GIG 2008India 2006

Strategic Standards Bodies Support B3G mandates IPv6 GRID FORUM 2005 ITS mandates IPv6 3G mandates IPv6

Strategic Advocacy Bodies Support UN Fosters IPv6 WSIS Fosters IPv6

IPv6 TF Around The World

AARNet’s Pacific Ocean links

Not The Famous IETF Toaster Research Prototype ARM7 Processor (18Mhz), 8MB DRAM, 16MB Flash, 320x240 Display Runs Linux OS Serial Line, Bluetooth Needs to be on a cradle to use serial connection But at Last a Linux WristWatch