The Periodic Table Essential Question: How is the Periodic Table arranged?
Who created the first periodic table? Dmitri Mendeleev
How did he arrange his periodic table? Arranged the elements in order of increasing Atomic Mass He used this arrangement to predict the properties of elements
What problems did Mendeleev encounter? Some elements has similar Atomic Masses Ex. Co and Ni Ar and K So, he did not know where to place them on his Periodic Table
Who arranged the modern Periodic Table? Henry Moseley
How did Moseley arrange the Periodic Table? By increasing atomic number This is the arrangement used today
What is Periodic Law? Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, based on their physical and chemical properties
What are horizontal rows called? Periods There are 7 periods They go from left to right on the periodic table
What are vertical columns called? They are called Groups or Families
What is special about Groups or Families? All elements in the same family behave the same They have similar Chemical and Physical properties
How to remember it? G R O U P E R I O D
Warm Up Element SymbolPeriod numberGroup number Potassium Oxygen Xenon For the following, fill in the Period number and Group number
More about the Periodic Table Black symbols represent solids Blue symbols represent liquids Red symbols represent Gases
What are the three main groups of elements? 1. Metals 2. Non-Metals 3. Metalloids
Metals, Non-Metals and Metalloids
Warm Up Name some characteristics of Metals!
What are the properties metals? Very good conductors of heat and electricity Have luster Ductile Malleable
What is Ductility? Can be pulled out or drawn into wire
What is malleability? Can be bent without breaking
Where can I find metals on the Periodic Table? On the left side Almost 75% of the Periodic Table are Metals
What are the properties Non-metals? Poor conductors of heat and electricity Dull Brittle
Where can I find Non-metals on the Periodic Table? On the right side
What about Metalloids? Notice the heavy, stair-step line? Metalloids border the line
What are the properties of Metalloids? Semi- conductors of heat and electricity Metallic in appearance but brittle
Where can I find a metalloid? Between the metals and the non- metals on the periodic table
What are Group 1 elements called? Alkali Metals Except for hydrogen
Group 1: Alkali Metals They are the most reactive metals They have one valence electron They are softer than most metals can be cut with a knife 42ae5020d7e579e ae5020d7e579e01417
What are Group 2 elements called? Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals They are not as reactive as Group 1 They have two valence electrons All occur in nature as compounds
What are Groups 3-12 called? Transition Metals
Groups 3-12: Transition Metals They exhibit several oxidation states Iron, Nickel and Cobalt are examples of some that produce a magnetic field
What are group 17 called? Halogens
Group 17 or 7: Halogens Also known as group 7 Have seven valence electrons They are the most reactive non-metal group
What are group 18 called? Noble Gases
Group 18 or 8: Noble Gases Very unreactive Noble gases have eight valence electrons Their outer shell is completely full. They are happy.