Work Safety Health and Living Environment Textile Finishing Technology SMKN 1 KATAPANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG KELAS X SEMESTER 1

Di susun Oleh : ASEP RUCHIYAT S, S.Pd Bk Teks Work Safety Health and Living Environment

1. Work safety anf health description 2. K3 procedure implementation 3. Living environment concept implementation 4. First aid procedure implementation LEARNED BASIC COMPETENCE

1. Human and environment Human interaction to environment performs : Human is an one of the importa components in environment Human is an environment destroyer Human always relizes of this mistakes Human is an environment keeper

 In limited meaning, environment is house with its garden  In general meaning, environment is an earth with ist creature and air called biosfer  Living environment is an environment main faineral for air, water, light not to be contaminated which can be danger to its creatures

2. Kind of pollutans and pollutions A. The meaning of pollutant and kind of pollutans meaning :  a residue of production  Worthless thing  damage / defect goods along production process  Unskilled human resources

Kind of pollutants based on their substances : a. Organic pollutant is pollutant resulted by farming, fishery and animal husbandry. This pollutant can be easily and naturally produced to be compost

b. Anorganic pollutant this pollutant rises from nature resources, mine, mineral, excavated object and industry production such as, plastic, sintetic material, can paper, glass etc. This pollutant is hard to recycle

Based on sources, pollutant can be devided into 3 :  House pollutant  Industry waste  Creature pollutant example feces, leaf

Based on characteristic :  Putrefied pollutant ex : leftvers from a meal  Hard putrefied pollutant ex : easily burned (paper, wood) hardly burned (can, metal)  Unputrefied pollutant ex : plastic, glass

B. Pollutant effects for human and environment a. For health pollutant can cause : Dirrhea, cholera, typhus Fever Desease by fungrs Desease by food

b. Effects for environment liquid pollutant flows into a drainase, if will be polluted in which the creatures inside will be dead or disappeared in water, this pollutant will result organic acid and organic liquid gas, like metana

c. Effects for socialy and economiy Pollutant can cause :  Uncomfortable environment to live  Flood giving bad effect for social facility

 Rising any disease  Bad people habit to throw the trash away out of bin  Giving bad effect for tourism because of unhealthy view, rood etc

C. Kinds of pollutants  Pollution is a process of polluting. Pollutant substances to the ground, air and water thet disturb their structure causing human, animal and plant damage (Soegiarto,1976)

 Kinds of pollutans are : 1. air pollution 2. water pollution 3. sound pollution 4. solid polllution

 Air pollution can be caused by dust and gas created by textile, production, leather tanning, rubber crumb tapioca, pulp etc  Gas pollution is created by production that creates COx,Nox, NH3,SO2,Cl2 etc. They can pollute the environment also

 Liquid pollutant is caused by water which is used in textile industry and contained substances  Water pollution can hamper living environment, specially for human life. Liquid pollutant justcan be released directly to a river after the pollutant is under level

 Parameters used to measure pollutant are B O D (Biolochemical Oxygen Demand), C O D ( Chemical Oxygen Demand).S S (Suspendean Solid), oil, ammonia, metal, bio hazard etc.  Sound pollution can be caused by machine.

 Solid pollutant are solid non UPL (pollutant producing unit), UPL solid, UPL mud non B 3 ( bio hazard) and B3 UPL mud  Solid non UPL is usually produced by paper, fiber, production etc. Which are in production hall

3. Controlling industry pollution a). Controlling air pollution b). Controlling water pollution c). Controlling sound pollution d). Controlling solid pollution

 Gas pollutant can be processed absorptionally that is to transper the pollutant from gas to sloid, and to transper S0 2 desulfurisationally by alkali, suchas chalk, caustic soda, ammonia etc to sulphur

 Ways to control air pollution : - Ventilation with fan -Using of respiratory protection -Smoke stackes with or without blower - Wet dust colector/wet spray chamber.

 The procesing liquid poluutant can be processed by : 1). Processing by physics this way can be carried out primely by screening hard solid and pollutant separation for further process

2). Processing by chemical the prime process uses colling equalization and netralization, mean while the secondary process uses coagulation and floculation to settle an organis and anorganis compound

3). Biological processing a. Aerob way uses aerob bacteria which oxigen is as electron acceptor processing organic substance to be CO 2, water, new cell and the other simple organic substances

b. Anosik, way uses bacteria of fungi which can do aerob biodegradation, nitrification and denitrifikasi to organic substances containing nitrogen that result gas nitrogen, CO 2, water, new cell and sample organic substances

anaerobik way uses anaerobik bacteria doing biodegradation anaerobic without using oxigen. It uses organic substance as electron acceptor, and process the organic compound to be CO 2, methane, new cell and unstable commpound, such as alcohol, organic acid, ammonia and sulfida hydrogen which cause stink

c). Sound pollution controling sound pollution can be managed by using muffler around all machines or using earphone for workers when they are in work area

d). Solid pollution controlling solid pollution non UPL can be managed by collecting useful trash to use again and useless trash to send to the final garbage disposal house pollutant collecting should be separated into organic and anorganic trash

4. Implementing living environment concept A.Trash incineration and banishment B.Floor cleanliness C. cleaning work place and tool / equipments

A.Trash incineration and banishment - trash should be sent to disposal - collect first the pieces of trash before its burned - burn every trash in everyday by cleaner

B. Floor cleanliness  Floor as possible do not there are holes  For the sake of light refleksi and for the sake of hygiene painted by young colour  Hygiene of sucked atmosphere and workroom as possible have to free from dirt.

C. cleaning work place and tool / equipments 1. making list of cleaning duty a. Worker duty b. to choose a cleaning leader periodically

2. Cleaning duty after work a. Needed tool and materials b. cleaning the equipments c. cleaning the desks d. Cleaning the floor e. Cleaning the book, bookshelf

3. Clean maintenance a. Every month - moving the cases, bookshelts and desks - cleaning the equipments and rearranging them back - cleaning the desk, cupboard and bookshelfs

- cleaning and arranging the rack - cleaning the window and glass - cutting grass

b.Once a year - white wash using wall paint - paint the machines by red - varnish and complete, desk, table and chair - reapir the damage equipment - check and repair the machine

D. the way to decrease pollutant pollutant minimizing is a process in decreasing pollutant in large amount, in other hand, its also recognized as prevention of pollution, or decreasing pollution etc

The advantages of pollutant minimizing a.Decreasing of environment pollution b. Increasing work safety c. Decreasing operational d. improvement of public relations. d. Decreasing responsibility

minimizing priority and choice a.Minimizing danger substance b. Substitutions c. Supply controlling d. Basic commodity purifying