Datu-komunikazio sareak Internet: Hedapen Zabaleko Sareen (WAN) elkargune publikoa. Red: Datuak konpartitzeko zerbitzuak eskaintzeko komunikatutako konputagailu.

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Presentation transcript:

Datu-komunikazio sareak Internet: Hedapen Zabaleko Sareen (WAN) elkargune publikoa. Red: Datuak konpartitzeko zerbitzuak eskaintzeko komunikatutako konputagailu multzoa. Hedapen zabala (WAN) ala sare lokala (LAN). Protokoloa: Komunikazio arauen multzoa (TCP/IP eta Ethernet)

TCP/IP protokoloa Interneten erabiltzen den protokoloa. Mota ezberdinetako sareak lotzeko pentsatuta. RFC bitartez definitutako sistema irekia. Arkitektura: Lau komunikazio-mala.

TCP/IP Arkitektura Zerbitzu zehatzetarako protokoloak Aplikazioen arteko komunikazioa Azpisareen arteko komunikazio homogeneoa Datuak bidali medio fisikoan (sare lokala) APLIKAZIOA GARRAIOA SARE-ARTEKOA LOTURA/FISIKOA

Adibidea

Ethernet Estandarra bihurtu da sare lokaletan. Hedapen txikia, kalitate oneko kableak (T1). Sarea guztien artean konpartitua: CSMA/CD. Alternatiba: Token-Ring, WiFi.

CSMA/CD

Sare-konfigurazioa (1) IP: helbide bakarra Interneten (32 bit) MAC: helbide fisikoa (Ethernet) B-D1-D5-01 (48 bit) ARP taula: IP-MAC itzulpena. Komando-lerroa>arp -a Izena eta domeinua: DNS. Komando-lerroa>nslookup

Sare-konfigurazioa (2) Lotura-atea: Internetera irteera. Maskara:Sare lokalaren mugak ( ) (batean daudenbitak berdinak, sare lokalekoa) Bideratze-taula: nondik? Komando-lerroa>route PRINT Probatarako aginduak: ping, netstat

Adibidea: HTTP Webeko protokolo nagusia. Konexioa sortzen da (80 portua) Eskaera: Komandoa+Burukoa. GET /pagina.htm HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/ Erantzuna: (Burukoa+Edukia). HTTP/ OK Content-type: text/html...

Adibidea: SMTP Posta-zerbitzuaren igortze-protokoloa. Posta jasotzeko POP edo IMAP. Konexioa sortzen da (25 portua) HELO: identifikazio-agurra MAIL FROM: iturburua RCPT TO: helburua DATA Mezua bera. ‘\n.\n’ batekin amaitzen da