SC.912.L.16.3 DNA Replication

– During DNA replication, a double-stranded DNA molecule divides into two single strands. New nucleotides bond to each single strand. The end result is two identical strands of DNA.

Gene and Chromosomal Mutations Gene mutation: any change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene

Mutations and Phenotypic Change Mutation in the DNA will cause the amino acids to code for a different protein, creating a new structure, therefore altering the phenotype It may result in phenotypic change if mutation occurs at a point on the gene that determines phenotype.

Transcription Transcription: process of copying a DNA sequence to produce a complementary strand of RNA.

Translation Translation: the process of protein production using mRNA that is produced in genetic transcription.

Genetic Code The genetic code is universal because all organisms have evolved from a common ancestor which used this same genetic code.