Quantum Computers TAUKI TAHMID BRAC UNIVERSITY ID:

MORE TRANSISTORS = MORE POWER Center of the CPU, current state

“The number of transistors on a chip will approximately double every 24 months” -- Gordon Moore, Intel Co-Founder

Quantum Computing QBITS QUANTUM SUPER POSITION

Bits (classical computing)  A bit can exist only in one state Either 0 or 1  Information behaviour : one single direction  Logic gates are irreversible

Bloch Sphere representation of a QBIT a two-state quantum-mechanical system  Can exist as 0 or 1 or coherent superposition of both  Operation on a qubit effectively acts on both values at a same time  An exist in both values simultaneously QUBITS/QBITS

BITS QBITS 1 BIT1 QBITS 0 OR 1 0 AND 1 AT A TIME 1 ON/TRUE 0 OFF/FALSE

Using transistors

Processors Classical processors Each processor perform one computation,while other processors do other computations Quantum processors Single processor can perform multiple computations on its own simultaneously

One day, a 2^500 qubit computer will be able to calculate more data than there's atom in our observable universe

Representation of Data - Superposition  A single qubit can be forced into a superposition of the two states denoted by the addition of the state vectors: |  > =  |0> +  |1>  Where  and  are complex numbers and |  | + |  | = 1

Quantum computer  Use direct use of quantum mechanical phenomena  Utilizes quantum properties to represent data  Could solve certain problems much faster

Steps a conventional computer will take to determine where to shoot the ball 0 < y < 100 Steps a quantum computer will take to dertermine where to shoot

● In 1981, German Mathematician Yuri Manin first introduced the idea of Quantum computers ● A year later, eminent physicist Richard Faynmann presented a logical model at the conference on physics and computerization but his model rested in the conviction that it would be impossible to simulate the calculations through a classical computer ● But Faynman's lectures from the last years of his scientific research is now considered by many to be the key moments HISTORY Richard Faynmann Yuri Manin

Photograph of a chip constructed by D-Wave Systems Inc

D~WAVE 2X

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