Cell Organelles S7L2: Cell Structure and Function
CELL ORGANELLES Organelles: Structures within a cell with special functions.
Cell Wall (School Walls) Cell Wall- Strong, rigid wall that protects the cell and gives it shape. – Plants cells have cell walls; Animal cells do not.
Cell Membrane (Building Doors) The outer covering of a cell. Used for protection and support. Lets good stuff in; keeps bad stuff out.
Cytoplasm (Air) A gel-like substance found inside the cell. Used to support the organelles.
Nucleus (Main Office) Regulates and controls all the activities within a cell. Contains chromosomes which contain DNA- hereditary material
Nuclear Membrane Covers and protects the nucleus. Controls what enters or leaves the nucleus.
Chloroplast (Cafeteria) Green organelle that makes sugar for plants. Chloroplast is used in photosynthesis. Contain chlorophyll- Green pigment that captures the sun’s light. Plants contain chloroplast; animal cells do not.
Mitochondria (Generator) Bean or Rod-shaped organelle that produces ATP (provides energy) by performing cellular respiration. The POWERHOUSE of the cell!
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) (Hallways) A network of passages used to move proteins and other materials throughout the cell. Comes in two types: Rough (has ribosomes) and Smooth (does not have ribosomes)
Ribosomes (Workers) Tiny organelles that are used to make proteins. Some float throughout the cytoplasm, others are stuck to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi Body/Complex/Apparatus (Packaging Center/Mail Room) This large organelle modifies and packages proteins. It is the “Packaging” center for the cell.
Vacuoles (Lockers) Organelles that are used for storage. Vacuoles store food, water and waste.
Lysosomes (Custodians) Small round organelles that contain digestive chemicals. Used to break down food, waste and dying organelles.
Organelles Vacuoles Lysosomes Golgi Body Ribosomes Mitochondria Chloroplast Smooth ER Roug h ER Nucleus
From Cell to Organism Groups of cells combine to form tissues. Groups of tissue combine to form organs.
From Cell to Organism (Cont) Groups of organs combine to form organ systems. Groups of organ systems combine to form an organism.
Cells Organ System s O r g a n i s m s Tissues Organs