Jump Start Explain how popular sovereignty was involved in the Kansas-Nebraska Act How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act lead to increased division between the North and the South?

The Road to the American Civil War- Day 3

Dred Scott Decision, March 1857 Dred Scott was a slave who moved from Missouri, a slave state, to free states, Illinois and Wisconsin 1846: Scott sues for his freedom after his owner dies because he lived in free states Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857): the Supreme Court ruled that slaves are not citizens and cannot file a lawsuit –The court also rules that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories –Declared Missouri Compromise unconstitutional The North is convinced that the South is attempting to spread slavery

Enter Abraham Lincoln Illinois congressmen and lawyer He opposes the expansion of slavery Lincoln takes a moral stance against slavery Nominated by Illinois Republicans to challenge Stephen Douglas –“a house divided by itself will not stand”

The Lincoln and Douglas Debates BOTH: –against the expansion of slavery –argue that it will not survive in the west –do not want to use the government to end slavery LINCOLN: believed in was the government’s job to stop the expansion DOUGLAS: believed popular sovereignty was the best way to decide Douglas won re-election BUT Lincoln became a national figure as a result of the debates

John Brown’s Raid October 1859 John Brown hoped to inspire slaves to fight for their freedom He planned to capture weapons at a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia Slaves do not rush to join and he is captured and hung Northerners look at him as a hero Southerners worry that more like Brown are coming to the south

The Election of 1860 Democrats vs. Republicans Northern and Southern Democrats could not agree on who to nominate –Issue of slavery vs. popular sovereignty –Douglas chosen as Democratic candidate Republicans nominate Lincoln Lincoln is elected as the 16 th president of the U.S. in 1860 –North had a much larger population Southerners feared Lincoln was going to end slavery –Lincoln had no plans to abolish it –Wanted to stop the spread of it west

The Confederate States of America Before the election, many Southern states threatened secession if Lincoln was elected –Argued that the states voluntarily joined the Union and could leave at any time On December 20, 1860, South Carolina becomes the first state to secede –Followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas within the next 6 weeks Formed the Confederate States of America –Elected Jefferson Davis as their president