A LTERATION IN THYROID GLAND Hypothyroidism Kierstin Kaye Dinglasa Bsn III

H YPOTHYROIDISM Inadequate amounts of thyroid hormone in the bloodstream.

S IGNS AND SYMPTOMS Early hypothyroidism is often asymptomatic and can have very mild symptoms. Hypothyroidism can be associated with a number of symptoms. It can relate to the underlying pathological cause of the hypothyroidism a mass effects of a thyroid goiter or direct effects of having insufficient thyroid hormones

 E ARLY A PPEARANCE Thin, brittle fingernails Dry, itchy skin. Weight gain and water retention Fatigue or feeling slowed down Heavier menstrual periods

 L ATE APPEARANCE : Thinning of the outer third of the eyebrow. Dry 'puffy' facial skin. Decreased taste and smell

C AUSES : > iodine defeciency > lithium-based mood stabilizers >Exposure to radioactive iodine

Medication Heredity

C AUSES : Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system inappropriately attacks the thyroid tissue. Lymphocytic thyroiditis (which may occur after hyperthyroidism)

C LASSIFICATIONS : Primary (Thyriod gland) - The most common forms include Hashimoto's thyroiditis (an autoimmunedisease) and radioiodinetherapy for hyperthyroidism. Secondary (Pituitary gland) -Occurs if the pituitary gland does not create enough thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to induce the thyroid gland to produce enough thyroxine and triiodothyronine. - it is usually caused by damage to the pituitary gland, as by a tumor, radiation, or surgery

T IRTIARY ( HYPOTHALAMUS ) Results when the hypothalamus fails to produce sufficient thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH prompts the pituitary gland to produce thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

M ANAGEMENT :  Depends on severity of symptoms; may necessitate replacement theraphy in mild cases or lifesaving support and treatment in severe hypothyroidism.  > monitor patient closely to prevent complications resulting from sudden increases in metabolic rate and oxygen.

T REATMENT : The purpose of treatment is to replace the thyroid hormone that is lacking. Levothyroxine is the most commonly used medication.

T AKING THYROID REPLACEMENT THERAPY SHOULD : Do not stop taking the medication when you feel better. Continue taking them exactly as your doctor prescribed.

Your levels may need to be checked Thyroid medicine works best on an empty stomach and when taken 1 hour before any other medications. Do not take thyroid hormone with fiber supplements, calcium, iron, multivitamins, aluminum hydroxide antacids, colestipol, or medicines that bind bile acids.

P REVENTION ? There is no prevention for hypothyroidism. Screening tests in newborns can detect hypothyroidism that is present from birth (congenital hypothyroidism).

E ND OF THE SLIDE >> Thank you