Do Now 10/3/14 Answer the following questions within your notes:  Draw the Lewis Dot Structure the following atoms:  Na Mg S Cl  Circle the above elements that are metals. Put a box around the elements above that are nonmetals.  Metals typically form what type of ion?  Nonmetals typically form what type of ion?

Ionic and Covalent Bonds I think we really need to bond.

Welcome to Unit 3 – Chemical Bonding & Nomenclature How do unique properties dictate the relationships objects will have with one another? Area of Interaction - Environments

By the end of class today, we will be able to… Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonds Draw Lewis Dot Diagrams to represent ionic bonding

Definition of a Bond…. A Bond is the force holding a group of atoms together Most things exist naturally in a bonded state There are Two Major Types of Bonds: Ionic Covalent Nonpolar Covalent Polar Covalent

Back to Our Old Friend… Metals in Blue Nonmetals in Yellow Metalloids in Pink

Ionic Bonds A bond between a metal and a nonmetal Electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another Example: Na and Cl

types of bonds – it’s all about the electrons Nonpolar Covalent Electrons are shared equally Polar Covalent Electrons are not shared equally One atom is more electronegative Ionic Electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another (+ & - ions are formed) Polarity = separation of charge

Electronegativity tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons towards itself What is the most electronegative atom? The least?

Electronegativity – tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons towards itself Highest Lowest

Bond type can be determined using… Electronegativity Differences Using page 194

Bond with your partner for some Guided Practice 1.Use page Complete the Guided Practice Table 3.Answer the bottom questions comparing ionic and covalent bonds

Bonding  Bond: the force holding a group of atoms together  Driving force of bond formation: -a system tries to achieve the lowest possible energy -bonds form so that individual atoms attain noble gas configurations (octet rule)

Ionic Bonding Ionic Bond: chemical bond between a metal and nonmetal; electron(s) are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal

Ion An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons Mg +2 O -2 K+K+ Cl -

Cation Positive ion (neutral atom loses an electron) Metals tend to form cations Anion Negative ion (neutral atom gains an electron) Nonmetals tend to form anions Ions

These atoms will gain electrons and become anions NaMg SCl These atoms will lose electrons and become cations

Ions These atoms will gain electrons and become anions NaMg SCl 2 2 These atoms will lose electrons and become cations

The charge of an anion or cation can be predicted by an atom’s location on the periodic table. Na (group 1) loses 1 electron to form a 1+ cation Mg (group 2) loses 2 electrons to form a 2+ cation Cl (group 17) gains 1 electron to form a 1- anion S (group 16) gains 2 electrons to form a 2- anion Review of the Periodic Table

Predicting anions and cations

Predicting Ionic Compounds Predict the Ionic Compound formed by Rb and Cl Predict the Ionic Compound formed by Al and S

Agenda Do Now 10 minutes INM: Ionic Bonding, Cations, and Anions 10 minutes Round 1  The Great Ion Challenge 5 minutes INM: Lewis Dot Diagrams Ionic Bonding 10 minutes Round 2  The Great Ion Challenge 10 minutes Exit Ticket and Assign Homework 10 minutes

On your whiteboards, as a group… You will have one minute to discuss your answer Do not raise your answer until I count down to ‘ 1 ’

Question 1 1. Which of the following elements will form a cation and lose electrons when bonding? A. Rubidium B. Helium C. Sulfur D. Bromine

Question 1 1. Which of the following elements will form a cation and lose electrons when bonding? A. Rubidium B. Helium C. Sulfur D. Bromine

Question 2 2. Aluminum will lose____ electrons in order to become stable within a compound. A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D. 4

Question 2 2. Aluminum will lose____ electrons in order to become stable within a compound. A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D. 4

Question 3 3. Predict the formula of the compound formed from the following pair of ions: Ba +2 and Cl -1 ? A. BaCl B. Ba 2 Cl 1 C. Ba 2 Cl 2 D. BaCl 2

Question 3 3. Predict the formula of the compound formed from the following pair of ions: Ba +2 and Cl -1 ? A. BaCl B. Ba 2 Cl 1 C. Ba 2 Cl 2 D. BaCl 2

Question 4 4. Predict the formula of the compound formed from the following pair of ions: Fe +3 and Cl -1 ? A. FeCl B. Fe 2 Cl 3 C. Fe 3 Cl 2 D. FeCl 3

Question 4 4. Predict the formula of the compound formed from the following pair of ions: Fe +3 and Cl -1 ? A. FeCl B. Fe 2 Cl 3 C. Fe 3 Cl 2 D. FeCl 3

Please put away your whiteboards and take out your notes sheet

Agenda Do Now 10 minutes INM: Ionic Bonding, Cations, and Anions 10 minutes Round 1  The Great Ion Challenge 5 minutes INM: Lewis Dot Diagrams Ionic Bonding 10 minutes Round 2  The Great Ion Challenge 10 minutes Exit Ticket and Assign Homework 10 minutes

Drawing Lewis Dot Diagrams for Ionic Bonds 1.Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram for both reactants 2.Draw one atom losing electrons and one atom gaining electrons 3.Draw the product of the reaction with appropriate charges Na Cl

Let’s Practice Another Example Mg and F

MgF

F

F FMg 2 F

MgF F FMg 2 F MgF 2

Agenda Do Now 10 minutes INM: Ionic Bonding, Cations, and Anions 10 minutes Round 1  The Great Ion Challenge 5 minutes INM: Lewis Dot Diagrams Ionic Bonding 10 minutes Round 2  The Great Ion Challenge 10 minutes Exit Ticket and Assign Homework 10 minutes

Drawing Lewis Dot Diagrams 1. Na and O 2. Ca and S 3. Al and O

1. Na and O

2. Ca and S

3. Al and O

Ionic Bonds - Examples Na and O Na 2 O Ca and S CaS Al and O Al 2 O 3

Agenda Do Now 10 minutes INM: Ionic Bonding, Cations, and Anions 10 minutes Round 1  The Great Ion Challenge 5 minutes INM: Lewis Dot Diagrams Ionic Bonding 10 minutes Round 2  The Great Ion Challenge 10 minutes Exit Ticket and Assign Homework 10 minutes

Take out a half sheet of paper to complete your exit ticket.

Exit Ticket 1.Why do atoms bond? (Your answer should be written in a complete sentence) 2.What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonding? 3.When bonding, metals tend to form ______________ and nonmetals tend to form __________________. 4.Draw a Lewis Dot Diagram to illustrate the ionic bond between Calcium and Chlorine.