Resistance/Strength ening Exercises By B.Nelson

Outline of presentation Introduction Definition Guiding Principles of Resistance Exercises

Introduction Muscle strengthening is a major component of designing every rehab program The rehab process focuses on preventing muscle atrophy and regaining muscle strength,power and endurance. Muscle performance (MP) is the capacity of the muscles to do work

Introduction cont’d Key elements of MP are STRENGTH, POWER AND ENDURANCE

DEFINITIONS STRENGTH- ability of the muscle to generate force ENDURANCE- ability of the muscle to contract repeatedly against resistance POWER- the strength and speed of movement

Factors that impair MP Injury Immobilisation Inactivity Disease Disuse

Factors cont’d Resistance exercises are a therapeutic intervention to improve STRENGTH,POWER, and muscle ENDURANCE for functional movements Resistance Exercise is a type of active movement

A comprehensive patient evaluation is needed to enable the clinician to determine the most appropriate intervention

Factors that influence Resistance exercise program Stage of tissue healing Age of patient Severity of MP dysfunction Overall level of fitness Ability to learn and cooperate Presence of other deficits

SAID Principle S- Specific A- Adaptation I- Imposed D- Demands

SAID principle Body systems adapt overtime to stressed placed on them Will influence the selection of specific muscles or muscle groups Will influence the selection of open vs closed chain exercises Will influence the ROM and speed of exercise

Specificity of exercise Exercise incorporated in a program should mimic the anticipated function Transfer of Training: It has been suggested that a cross over training effect can occur from an exercised to a nonexercised,contralateral limb with resistance training.

Reversibility Principle Changes in body system due to increase strengthening are transient or temporary unless the patient participates in a maintenance of resistance exercises

Detraining Detraining or reduction of muscle performance occurs approximately two weeks after the end of resistance training

Fatigue Fatigue is a complex phenomenon that affects muscle performance Is a diminished response of the muscle to repeated stimulus It must be noted in a resistance training program

Recovery Adequate time for recovery from fatiguing exercise must be built into every resistance training program.

Suggested Readings Principles of Exercise Therapy by M.Dena Gardiner Exercise Physiology by William D. McArdle,F.I. Katch,V.L.Katch Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques by C. Kisner & L.A. Colby