15.1 DARWIN’S THEORY NATURAL SELECTION  WHAT YOU WILL LEARN -evidence that led Darwin to conclude species could change over time -4 principles of natural selection

15.1 MAIN IDEA  Charles Darwin developed a theory of evolution based on natural selection

READING Q’s 1-NAME -an observation Charles Darwin made -fossils of marine life in mountains -fossils of giant mammals -earthquakes lift rocks

READING Q’s 2-IDENTIFY -where are the Galapagos islands? -off coast of Ecuador

READING Q’s 3-EXPLAIN -each of the Galapagos islands had different types of plants— how might this explain the differences in beak shape in finches? -different food sources

READING Q’s 4-IDENTIFY -name a resource that could limit the survival of animals within a population -food -shelter -water -land

READING Q’s 5-CONTRAST -how does natural selection differ from evolution? -evolution-how a species changes over time -natural selection-desirable traits will survive over time

GROUP WORK: APPLICATION NOTES -As a group complete application notes using your knowledge from the reading.

 15.1 VOCABULARY REVIEW: -selective breeding— -process where breeder develops an organism to have certain traits

 15.1 VOCABULARY NEW: -evolution -change in species over time -artificial selection -breeding organisms w/specific traits to produce offspring w/desired traits—selective breeding -natural selection -occurs in nature when organisms w/favorable variations survive, reproduce, pass their variations to the next generation

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION SUMMARIZE: 3 observations Darwin made in his research on the South American mainland 1-__________________________ 2-__________________________ 3-__________________________ Marine fossils present in Andes mountains Giant fossil versions of small, present-day animals Earthquakes can move rocks great distances

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION IDENTIFY: 3 organisms from the Galapagos Islands & their distinguishing characteristics mockingbirds tortoises finches ORGANISMSVARIATION different on each island different shells on each island new species different from mainland species

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION ANALYZE Darwin’s hypothesis on the origin of Galapagos finches -finches adapt to different conditions on the islands -over time finches change into new species Finches migrate from South America to the Galapagos Islands

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION IDENTIFY: 4 principles of natural selection 1-organisms have more offspring than can survive 2-individuals in a population show variations 3-these variations are inherited 4-variations that increase survival or reproductive success will be more common in the next generation

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION SUMMARIZE: 3 observations Darwin made w/pigeons 1-__________________________ 2-__________________________ 3-__________________________ Small variations in traits of individual pigeons Traits inherited by offspring Traits promoted in offspring by selection & breeding

 THEORY of NATURAL SELECTION SUMMARIZE Natural Selection favorable reproducing NATURAL SELECTION Orgnisms w/ _________traits are able to ___________ & pass their traits on to their __________ who then reproduce Orgnisms wo/ such favorable _______ are more likely to die out before ________________ reproduce offspring traits

 ORIGIN of SPECIES SEQUENCE events that led to publication of Darwin’s ideas In 1958, Darwin & _____________ present their findings on _______________ to scientific community In 1959 Darwin publishes a book titled Darwin begins work on a book describing… how new species evolve by natural selection natural selection Wallace On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection

 ORIGIN of SPECIES B living things overproduce C variation among species A struggle to survive D Natural Selection always taking place MATCH the point from Darwin’s theory of evolution to appropriate diagrams