NASA PLANETARY DATA SYSTEM ARCHIVING IPDA Steering Committee Dan Crichton, Reta Beebe, Tom Stein, Steve Hughes Bangalore, India July

Part 1: Status of NASA missions and PDS4 Part 2: Federal funding for NASA Planetary Science Topics 2

NASA Policy for Implementing PDS4 Current Development Schedule for PDS4 Planetary Missions Impact on Missions Topics in Part 1 3

NASA Policy for Implementing PDS4 NASA/PDS hereby specifies 1 November 2011 as the transition date from PDS3 to PDS4. NASA missions confirmed for flight after that date will be required to archive their data according to PDS4 standards, while missions confirmed for flight prior to that date are allowed to continue using PDS3. Missions allowed to use PDS3 are encouraged to consider the advantages of switching to PDS4 and NASA will consider proposals for funding augmentations to accomplish the change. Data providers in R&A programs will be required to comply with PDS4 standards for any programs with proposal deadlines after 1 November Data providers whose proposals were submitted prior to that date are encouraged to consider the advantages of complying with PDS4 standards but will be allowed to complete their deliveries according to PDS3 standards. 4

PDS4 Current Development Schedule The Data Design Working Group (chaired by Steve Hughes) and the Systems Design Working Group (chaired by Sean Hardman) are working against a demanding schedule of design builds. PDS has just completed PDS4 build 2c with a much more mature data model now. The discipline nodes have been actively testing the model and the associated schemas using PDS3 test cases. LADEE and MAVEN teams, supported by PDS, are developing products based on PDS4. Access to all PDS4 documents are available to IPDA members. PDS4 is on track to meet its schedule commitments. PDS4 software has been rolled out to Engineering with future rollouts planned across the nodes. Support to the missions is being done by PDS. 5

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Impact on Missions Missions Currently Being Archived in PDS3 Cassini-Huygens DawnLCROSS LRO Mars Odyssey MRO Smart 1 Stardust NExT 7

Impact on Missions Missions Currently Being Archived in PDS3 (cont.) EPOXI Mars Express Spirit & Opportunity Messenger New Horizons Participation on International Missions WISE 8

Missions In Cruise or Development MSL/CuriosityGRAIL Juno Participation on International Missions MAVEN LADEE OSIRIS-REx Archived in PDS4 9

Discovery Missions In Phase A Studies Only 1 will be selected for further development (soon) Geophysical Monitoring Station (GEMS) PI Bruce Banerdt JPL Manager Investigates Mars’ Interior Titan Mare Explorer-(TiME) PI - Ellen Stofan APL Manager float on a methane-ethane ocean Comet Hopper PI - Jessica Sunshine GSFC –Manager lands on comet multiple times as the comet passes through perihelion 10

Transition From PDS3 to PDS4 Missions already archiving in PDS3 will continue to do so and PDS will be responsible for converting their data. LADEE, MAVEN, Osiris-Rex and the next discovery mission will archive in PDS4. The PDS nodes will help them set up and test their PDS compatible pipeline. The PDS will deliver XML templates to the teams for their products. The PDS will migrate archived datasets based on usage and available staffing 11

How does funding of planetary science work? What is the National Academy? What is the relationship among the Academy, NASA and Congress ? What is the Decadal Report? How did the NASA Planetary Exploration Division respond the Decadal Report requirements for data archiving? Topics in Part 2 12

Federal Funding of Planetary Science 13 Funding for planetary science is a complex negotiation between NASA, the White House, and Congress. The NASA budget follows the federal fiscal year (October – September). The White House, via the Office of Management and Budget, first proposes a budget. Congress reviews the budget and may make changes to it. Congress will then send the budget back to the White House which may be signed or require further negotiation. If no agreement is made by October 1, the federal government maintains a continuing resolution operating on the previous year’s budget. NASA and congress rely heavily on the National Academy to set the science and mission priorities. It uses these to establish and justify what programs to fund.

14 What is the National Academy? The National Academy of Science was chartered by Congress under the leadership of President Abraham Lincoln, to provide scientific and technical advise to the government of the United States. The Academy has since been expanded to include The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine, with the National Research Council coordinating the 3 groups. The Academy of Science is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society. Admission into the academy is highly respected and U.S. educational institutions consider participation in Academy activities confirmation of the high standing of the individual. It is considered an authority outside of the government. Participants in Academy activities receive reimbursement for travel expenses but no salary.

15 What is the relationship of the Academy, NASA and Congress? Congress accepts the Academy as the source of unbiased advice. Accordingly they will issue a mandate to NASA that the Academy should consider a certain subject and NASA must comply. NASA and the Academy negotiate the terms of the study and budget to carry it out. They Academy organizes the working group who will carry out the study, but NASA can refuse certain individuals. The Study is completed, reviewed by NASA, NASA generates a formal response and both are sent to Congress. This forms the basis for budget considerations and oversight of NASA.

16 What is the Decadal Report? Congress Mandates that the Academy produce a revised Decadal Report every 10 years. The current report has been completed and is in publication. A copy can be downloaded at NASA negotiates a contract with the Academy. The report must address the terms of the contract and lay out a recommended plan that must extend for 10 years. NASA works closely with the Academy and requires that proposed missions meet rigorous costing standards. The report is produced and Congress and NASA accept it. Congress considers this the standard for evaluating NASA and after 5 years they mandate that the Academy issue a “report card” that assesses how NASA has progressed in fulfilling the Decadal recommendations.

Statements In the Decadal Report Concerning Archiving The Decadal Report recognizes the PDS and addresses the key challenges of generating higher order products, upgrading PDS, and ensuring international interoperability The document states “It is crucial that the capabilities of the Planetary Data System be maintained by NASA, both to provide a permanent archive of planetary data and to provide a means of distributing those data to the world at large” It also states. “Announcements of Opportunity should mandate that instrument teams propose and be funded to generate derived products before missions have completed Phase E.” And, as planetary exploration continues to become a more international enterprise, it will be increasingly important for NASA to assure interoperability of the PDS with other international repositories of planetary data. 17

NASA Response to the Upgrade of PDS 18 As the PDS has evolved over the past 25 years, the transition from a simple data depository/archive facility to an online resource has required both major and incremental changes. The rollout of the next major revision to the PDS, PDS4, will begin in the next fiscal year. Standards and accepted data formats have been revisited and revised, with a focus on improved search capability and user experience. Results of a recent survey of the PDS are being worked and incorporated into the PDS4 product. The entire user community is encouraged to respond to future surveys and provide feedback to the PDS management as we continue to improve the system.

Fiscal Year 13 + in Planetary Science 19 OMB has proposed a lower budget for planetary science. As a result, it called for the cancellation of Mars 16 and 18 activities. Congress is reviewing the budget from OMB and is currently revising the planetary science budget plans. Negotiation with congress and OMB/White House is expected and underway. NASA Planetary Science is following the direction of the academy and using that to set budget priorities within the allocation. NASA has been directed to continue to plan new Mars missions. A meeting was held at the Lunar Planetary Institute in Houston in June 2012 to explore new concepts. NASA has remained committed to ensuring that PDS is maintained in order to support a robust data analysis program despite budget uncertainty.

Thank You! 20 Please submit any questions you have on these topics to Dan Crichton or Reta Beebe