Units 9 & 10 Content Review pgs

1970 to Present: TIMELINE – pg 38 Resignation of Nixon Resignation of Nixon – 1974 Camp David Accords (Carter) + Sadat of Egypt & Begin of Israel Camp David Accords (Carter) + Sadat of Egypt & Begin of Israel – 1978 Iran-Contra Affair (Reagan) aka: Arms for Hostages Deal Iran-Contra Affair (Reagan) aka: Arms for Hostages Deal – 1985 – 1987 Fall of the Berlin Wall Fall of the Berlin Wall – 1989 Impeachment of Clinton Impeachment of Clinton – Attacks (W. Bush) 9-11 Attacks (W. Bush) – 2001 Election of Obama Election of Obama – 2008 Reinvestment Act Reinvestment Act – 2009

Nixon & Carter – pg 39 ACCOMPLISHMENTSPROBLEMS / CRISIS Opening of China: Nixon restored diplomatic relations with China through a visit he made in Opened China to American trade deals and used China against Soviet Union in “Triangular Diplomacy”…. Watergate Scandal: After attempting to cover-up a break-in, Nixon decides to resign rather than be impeached. Détente with Soviets: Relaxing of tensions—this policy included the end of nuclear build-up in the Cold War period. Fall of Saigon: 1975 After American forces leave in ‘73 (Cease Fire) Saigon was occupied by the North Vietnamese uniting communist Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh city today. Camp David Accords: Carter helps establish a working relationship that leads to a peace treaty between Israel & Egypt where Israelis return Sinai to Egypt in return for treaty Iran Hostage Crisis: 52 U.S. embassy employees in Iran are held hostage for 444 days. They were released moments after Ronald Reagan took office.

Reagan’s Presidency – pg 40 Reaganomics Reaganomics – Economic policy based on “supply-side” economics. – Tax cuts will allow more money to flow into the economy and will create jobs. Roots of the “New Conservatism” Roots of the “New Conservatism” – Since the Depression the role of federal government had continued to grow – Reagan worked to cut back on federal regulation, with the exception of the military Peace Through Strength / ‘Deterrence’ Peace Through Strength / ‘Deterrence’ – Reagan’s belief in a mi – Reagan’s belief in a military capability sufficiently strong to discourage any would-be aggressor from starting a war because of the fear of retaliation. The Iran-Contra Affair (aka: Arms for Hostages Deal) The Iran-Contra Affair (aka: Arms for Hostages Deal) – Reagan administration sells weapons to Iran sending profits to help the Nicaraguan Contras; went against the Boland Amendment passed by Congress. Reagan hoped for Iranian help and support in recovering American hostages held in Lebanon.

Bush Sr. & Clinton – pg 41 George H.W. Bush George H.W. Bush – Persian Gulf War (1 st Gulf War) Saddam Hussein invades Kuwait and Bush sends troops (along with U.N. Forces) to send him back to Iraq Saddam Hussein invades Kuwait and Bush sends troops (along with U.N. Forces) to send him back to Iraq – Americans with Disabilities Act Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities and requires they are provided accommodations where possible Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities and requires they are provided accommodations where possible Bill Clinton Bill Clinton – Economic Recovery Eliminated many of the economic restrictions in place from the Cold War, and helped restore the nation’s economy. Eliminated many of the economic restrictions in place from the Cold War, and helped restore the nation’s economy. – Balkan Crisis Sends troops to stop ‘ethnic cleansing’ (genocide) of Muslims in the Bosnian War after the dissolution of Yugoslavia. Sends troops to stop ‘ethnic cleansing’ (genocide) of Muslims in the Bosnian War after the dissolution of Yugoslavia. – Impeachment Accused (and later admits to) and inappropriate relationship with an intern. Accused (and later admits to) and inappropriate relationship with an intern. Is impeached but not removed from office/ Senate acquits him Is impeached but not removed from office/ Senate acquits him

Modern Day Influential People – pg 42 Bill Gates Bill Gates – Co-founder of Microsoft, and philanthropist. Hillary Clinton Hillary Clinton – First lady, first female candidate for President, Secretary of State. Sonia Sotomayor Sonia Sotomayor – First Hispanic Justice of the Supreme Court Oprah Winfrey Oprah Winfrey – Business owner and philanthropist, her support is one of the main reasons Barack Obama was elected. Sam Walton Sam Walton – Founder of Walmart, the world’s largest retailer Estee Lauder Estee Lauder – Jewish New York daughter of immigrants who founded one of the largest cosmetics companies in the world. Robert Johnson Robert Johnson – First African American billionaire; founded the Black Entertainment Network Lionel Sosa Lionel Sosa – First to target Hispanic populations in advertising, and had advised several presidential campaigns.

Bush Jr. & Obama – pg 43 (last one!) George “W.” Bush v. Al Gore George “W.” Bush v. Al Gore – Election of 2000 ( 3 rd party plays large part in election results ) Closest Presidential election in U.S. history because of a third party Closest Presidential election in U.S. history because of a third party Came down to the votes in Florida, and ultimately was decided by the Supreme Court Came down to the votes in Florida, and ultimately was decided by the Supreme Court Bush won Bush won – September 11, 2001 Largest scale attack on U.S. soil Largest scale attack on U.S. soil Leads to the War on Terror Leads to the War on Terror – War in Afghanistan and Iraq While at war with terrorist groups, we also sent troops to stop those who may have been supporting terrorists. Results in the dismantling of al-Qaeda and the death of Saddam Hussein While at war with terrorist groups, we also sent troops to stop those who may have been supporting terrorists. Results in the dismantling of al-Qaeda and the death of Saddam Hussein – Financial Crisis Fed reduced interest rates and more people bought houses and got farther into debt instead of out of it Fed reduced interest rates and more people bought houses and got farther into debt instead of out of it Leads to Recession of 2008 Leads to Recession of 2008

Bush Jr. & Obama – pg 43 (last one!) Barack Obama – Election of 2008 First African American president elected in the United States – Health Care Reform : Affordable Care Act = Obamacare Controversial changes to the health care system Requires health insurance for all – Financial Crisis Passes the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to try and stimulate the economy after the recession of 2008 – Foreign Policy Working to increase foreign opinion of the United States Gradually removed troops from Iraq – Supreme Court Appointment Appoints Sonia Sotomayor; first Hispanic Justice on the Supreme Court