El Greco – Domenikos Theotokopoulos
El Greco – Domenikos Theotokopoulos Born in Candia, Crete in 1541 Studied in Italy under Titian Influenced by Rafael, Titian(Tiziano), y Michelangelo ( Miguel Ángel) Was very critical of Michelangelo – extended offer to Pope to repaint the Sistine Chapel Is known as the most religious painter of the Spanish artists Moved to Spain – Toledo was the religious capital at the time Was hoping to paint for the king and win his favor by doing some paintings for Felipe II for El Escorial – a new monastery
El Greco – Domenikos Theotokopoulos • Was commissioned to paint for the Church of Santo Domingo el Antiguo – El Espolio, and Trinity and Assumption of the Virgin (Chicago Art Institute), Painted 2 for the king: Allegory of the Holy League and Maryrdom of St. Maurice and the king didn’t like them, so he didn’t contract him to paint, possibly for mixing living people in religious paintings Was NOT a court painter Spent the majority of his life in Toledo, painting portraits for money, paintings for the church, sculpture, and architecture, and surrounded himself with intellectuals of the time. Never married, but had 1 son, Jorge with Jerónima de las Cuevas • Died in 1614 He lived well but wasn’t rich Obra Maestra – “El Entierro del Conde Orgáz” and “Asunción de la Virgen” He was considered Spanish for his mixed Greek, Italian, and Spanish style, and his dedication to religion
El Greco – Domenikos Theotokopoulos His Style • 3 themes: portraits, landscapes, and religious scenes from the Bible Spiritual, religious, mystical • Rich in bright, brilliant and contrasting dark colors Independent in organization of space Elongation of figures and bodies, eerie Idealist painting, not realist Horror Vacue: fear of unused space, but did leave some unworked, portraits Supernatural 2-3 levels in paintings Cold and pale figures Preferred color over form, Picasso called his form cubist Interweaves time and space, uses figures to join heaven and earth Light in paintings comes from unseen sources Was not really appreciated until early 1900’s
Mt. Sinai - 1568
Last Supper - 1568
The Entombment of Christ – late 1560’s
La Anunciación 1570-1575
Purification of the Temple 1571-1576
La Trinidad 1577
San Sebastian 1577-1578
Expolio 1577-1579
Asunción de la Virgen 1577-1579
The Adoration of the Name of Jesus 1578-1579
El Hombre con la Mano en el Pecho 1580
The Martyrdom of St. Maurice. 1580-82
El Entierro de Conde Orgaz 1586-1588
Conde de Orgaz: Detalle 1
Conde de Orgaz: Detalle 2
Conde de Orgaz: Detalle 3
Conde de Orgáz: Detalle 4
Cristo con la Cruz 1580s
Julián Romero de las Azanas and his Patron Saint 1585-1590
La Sagrada Familia 1590
St. Peter and St. Paul 1587-1592
The Resurrection - 1584-1594
Christ Carrying the Cross 1590-1595
Retrato de un Hombre Desconocido 1595
The Agony in the Garden 1595
St. Andrew and St. Francis 1590-1595
La Vista de Toledo - 1597
St. Joseph and the Christ Child 1597-1599
St. Martin and the Beggar 1597-1599
Crucifixion 1596-1600
Purificación del Templo - 1600
Hombre Viejo - 1600
St. John the Baptist 1600
Pentecoste - 1600
Portrait of a Cardinal 1600
San Juan Evangelista 1598-1604
St. John the Evangelist and St. Francis 1600’s
St. Bernardino 1603-1604
St. Ildefonso 1600-1605
The Repentant Peter 1605
St. Jerome as Cardinal 1600-1610
View and Plan of Toledo - 1610
Laöcoon - 1610
San Pedro 1610-1613
El Salvador 1610-1614
Fifth Seal of the Apocalypse - Vision of St. John 1608-1614
Adoration of the Shepherds - 1614