Wisdom of Qurban in Islam Syari`ah Perspective Part 1 Dr. Nurdeng Deuraseh & Zeiad A. Aghwan** *Laboratori Polisi dan Pengurusan Halal, Institut Penyelidikan Produk Halal (IPPH),Universiti Putra Malaysia. **Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.

 Qurbān (Arabic: قربان ) (or أضحية ): a word used for the sacrifice of a livestock animal during Eid-ul-Adha. The word is related to the Hebrew qorbān "offering” and Syriac qurbānā "sacrifice", etymologised through the Arabic epistemology "a way or means of approaching someone" or "nearness“. Other appropriate terms are Dhabihah and Nahar.ArabicEid-ul-Adhaqorbān”“Dhabihah

Recalls the exam a love from God to the Prophet Ibrahim "When the boy until (at the age of was able to) strive together Ibrahim, Ibrahim said:" my son, behold, I saw in a dream that I was thy slaughter. Then think what do you think! " He replied: "O my father, do what is commanded thee; Insha-Allah we'll find me including those that wait ". When both have been leaving it up and laid her son Ibrahim over his eyebrow, (real one the patience of both). And we call him: "Verily, O Ibrahim, has confirmed that dream real so we reward those who do good. Indeed, this is truly a real exam. And we made good the boy with a great slaughter. " [The Qur'an Surah Ash Shaffat: ]

The Wisdoms of Sacrificing Animals 1- Since, Qurban lexically means something through which one can approach Allah. So, as it is understood from the word sacrifice (qurban) is an opportunity to be close to Allah and to gain His consent. The following is stated in the Qur’an

“ Allah does not need sacrifice, nor does he need all of the other worship performed by man. However, with the command of sacrifice, Allah tests His slaves, measures their devotion and their attention to that Divine decree and their closeness to Him. The following is expressed in the Qur’an, Al-Hajj (The Pilgrimage) verse 37”

2 - Allah tests His slaves, measures their devotion and their attention to that Divine decree and their closeness to Him. 3- Sacrifice is also an opportunity to remind the salvation of Prophet Ishmael (peace and blessings be upon him) as a favor of Allah from being sacrificed.

4- Every year, thousands of animals are sacrificed by Muslims. It is, in a sense, a symbolic expression that a Muslim can sacrifice anything he has in order to worship Allah, comply with His command and give up anything he has for His sake. 5- the aspect of Islam that realizes social justice will be seen.

           “So eat of meats on which Allah’s name has been pronounced if you have faith in His signs ”            “So eat of meats on which Allah’s name has been pronounced if you have faith in His signs ” عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، قَالَ اثْنَتَانِ حَفِظْتُهُمَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ "‏إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذِّبْحَةَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ وَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ “Allah has decreed that whatever is to be done should be done perfect and sublime. Hence, when you kill, kill well, and when you slaughter, slaughter well, sharpen your blade and handle with kindness, that which slaughter”. Sahih Muslim عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، قَالَ اثْنَتَانِ حَفِظْتُهُمَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ "‏إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذِّبْحَةَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ وَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ “Allah has decreed that whatever is to be done should be done perfect and sublime. Hence, when you kill, kill well, and when you slaughter, slaughter well, sharpen your blade and handle with kindness, that which slaughter”. Sahih Muslim Slaughtering in Islam Shariah Perspective “Dh-ba-ha” (ذبح) in Arabic, in general, means “slaughtered”.

Quranic Verses Regarding Slaughtering 1. So eat of that [meat] upon which the name of Allah has been mentioned, if you are believers in His verses. (Al-An’am: 118)            1. So eat of that [meat] upon which the name of Allah has been mentioned, if you are believers in His verses. (Al-An’am: 118)            2. And why should you not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has been mentioned while He has explained in detail to you what He has forbidden you, excepting that to which you are compelled. And indeed do many lead [others] astray through their [own] inclinations without knowledge. Indeed, your Lord - He is most knowing of the transgressors. (Al-An’am:119)                                  2. And why should you not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has been mentioned while He has explained in detail to you what He has forbidden you, excepting that to which you are compelled. And indeed do many lead [others] astray through their [own] inclinations without knowledge. Indeed, your Lord - He is most knowing of the transgressors. (Al-An’am:119)                                  3. And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has not been mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience. And indeed do the devils inspire their allies [among men] to dispute with you. And if you were to obey them, indeed, you would be associators [of others with Him]. (Al- An’am: 121)                        3. And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allah has not been mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience. And indeed do the devils inspire their allies [among men] to dispute with you. And if you were to obey them, indeed, you would be associators [of others with Him]. (Al- An’am: 121)                       

The wisdom of mentioning Allah’s name while slaughtering (Shariah perspective)

First: This practice is in the opposition to the practice of the idolaters and the people of jahiliyyah, who mentioned the names of their non-existent deities while slaughtering animals. Since the polytheist mentions the name of a false deity, how can the Believer fail to mention the name of the true God? This is to differentiate between the practice of Muslims and the idolaters.

Second: These animals, like human beings, are creatures of Allah, and like them they have life. How then can a man take control of them and deprive them of life unless he first obtains permission from his and their common Creator to Whom everything belongs? Mentioning the name of Allah while slaughtering the animal is a declaration of this divine permission, as if the one who is killing the animal were saying, “This act of mine is not an act of aggression against the universe nor of oppression of this creature, but in the name of Allah I slaughter, in the name of Allah I hunt, and in the name of Allah I eat”. (Dr. Yusuf al-Qaradawi, The Lawful and Prohibited in Islam, The Other Press, 2013, pg. 55).

Third: This practice also in order to safeguard the ‘Aqidah of the Muslims because if the slaughtering is to be done according to the Islamic teachings with the right pillars and conditions and in addition to that, mentioning the name of Allah, then the animals which has been slaughtered should be Halal to be eaten. This will assure that the ‘Aqidah of his will be safe from any doubt.

Thank you