Chloroplast & Mitochondrion Cells have organelles that store & release energy. Which one is found ONLY in plant cells? Which is found in BOTH plant & animal cells?

Actual chloroplast micrograph Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose Oxygen Photosynthesis

Glucose

Actual mitochondrion micrograph Glucose + Oxygen ATP Carbon Dioxide + Water Mitochondria are organelles that release the energy stored in glucose. Respiration

Actual chloroplast micrograph Actual mitochondrion micrograph Glucose & Oxygen ATP Carbon Dioxide + Water The cycle in nature looks like this!

Found in plant cells Found in plant & animal cells

The diagram represents part of a cellular process. Energy is released and made available for metabolic (cellular) activities at 1) step 1, only 3) both step 1 and step 2 2) step 2, only 4) neither step 1 nor step 2

Photosynthesis Storing light energy in the chemical bonds of organic molecules like glucose Light Make, or put together

Plants require pigments to absorb light energy. With absorbed light energy, enzymes build Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) & Water (H 2 O).

AHHHhh… The process is VERY complex!

CO 2 + H 2 O + Sunlight Enzymes C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Pigments—like chlorophyll—absorb ONLY the colors needed for photosynthesis. Red & Blue are the most important colors for photosynthesis. Can you guess which color of light plants CANNOT USE for making glucose?

The diagram represents processes that occur in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Fill in the letters for the overall reaction of photosynthesis. A B D C

Cellular Respiration Releasing energy from food to make ATP Energy

The overall reaction is:

Glucose + Oxygen ATP Carbon Dioxide + Water Mitochondria are “powerhouse” organelles that release the energy (make ATP).

Fill in the letters for the overall reaction of cellular respiration. A BED C Energy

Which set of terms best identifies the letters in the diagram below?

By which process is the stored energy of organic molecules transferred to a form of energy that is usable by cells? 1) digestion 3) photosynthesis 2) aerobism 4) respiration

Photosynthesis CO 2 + H 2 O + Sunlight Enzymes C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP Enzymes C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Cellular respiration

It’s all about the ATP energy baby… YEAHHH BABY!!!!! Cells store food energy by producing ATP. Cells break down the ATP when it’s time to use the energy.

ATP CYCLE

The goal for cells is to make ATP The energy to make ATP comes from food The energy in food comes from the sun Who can catch energy from the sun and make food? AUTOTROPHS

If energy begins at the sun, what happens if it stops shining?

Just ask the dinosaurs! An asteroid hit the Earth 70 million years ago. The dust caused by the impact blocked sunlight for years!!! bang

ENERGY IS ON A ONE WAY TRIP!!! No sunlight meant no energy to make glucose by photosynthesis No glucose meant no sugar (chemical bond) energy to make ATP No ATP meant no energy for cells MOST LIFE ON EARTH BECAME EXTINCT!

The diagram represents part of a cellular process. Energy is released and made available for metabolic activities at 1) step 1, only3) both step 1 and step 2 2) step 2, only4) neither step 1 nor step 2

FOR CELLS FROM FOOD

Which words best complete the lettered blanks in the two sentences below? Organic compounds, such as proteins and starches, are too A to fit into cells. Proteins are digested into B and starches are digested into C. (1)A—large, B—simple sugars, C—amino acids (2) A—small, B—simple sugars, C—amino acids (3) A—large, B—amino acids, C—simple sugars (4) A—small, B—amino acids, C—simple sugars

The diagram represents a biochemical process. Which molecule is represented by X? (1) Oxygen(3) protein (2) starch (4) ATP

A biological process that occurs in both plants and animals is shown below. Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process?

A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as shown. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant. Since oxygen gas is being released, it can be inferred that the plant is (1)producing glucose (3) releasing energy from water (2) making protein (4) carrying on active transport What substance did the plant most likely absorb from the water for the process that produces the oxygen gas? (1)dissolved nitrogen (3) an enzyme (2) carbon dioxide (4) a hormone

A sample of food containing one type of a large molecule was treated with a specific digestive enzyme. Tests show the products of the enzyme catalyzed reaction are simple sugars, only. Based on these test results, the original large molecules contained in the food sample were molecules of (1) protein (3) starch (2) glucose (4) lipid (fats)

Which phrase, if placed in box X, would correctly complete the flowchart shown below? (1)Increased use of starch in root cells (3) Decreased ATP in root cells (4) Decreased concentration of oxygen in leaf cells (2) Increased concentration of glucose in leaf cells Because photosynthesis makes glucose!