Review Muscle Tissue and Muscular System Final exam review PPT 3

Muscle: extends forearm Triceps brachii

Muscle whose origin is on the superior ilium, insertion on the medial tibia, and acts in crossing the leg sartorius

Muscle: allows dorsiflexion of foot Tibialis anterior

Muscle: origin on thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and ilium; insertion on proximal end of humerus (armpit) Latissimus dorsi

Muscle: origin on sacrum and ilium, insertion on proximal femur; hip extensor Gluteus maximus

Muscle group, extends lower leg at knee, flexes thigh at hip and attaches tendon to patellar ligament and then to tibial tuberosity Quadriceps Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius

Muscle that originates at the condyles of the femur, inserts on the calcaneus by the calcaneal tendon and is involved in plantar flexion of foot gastrocnemius

Which end of the biceps brachii is indicated by the box (notice the motion and which end of the muscle is moving)?

Muscle group that allow flexion at the knee

What muscle is this? trapezius

Name the muscle that allows abduction of the arm deltoid

Name the muscle Latissimus dorsi

muscle: origin on occipital bone and cervical and thoracic vertebrae, insertion on clavicle and scapula; action = raises arm, lowers scapula and shoulder trapezius

Name the types of muscle tissue.

Functions of skeletal muscle (tissue) or muscular system? Heat generation Maintain posture Produce movement Stabilize joints

Slow, rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle is called ___. Peristalsis or peristaltic contractions

Muscle tissue that is voluntary, striated, and multinucleated as seen below skeletal myofiber

When conscious control of muscles is possible, the muscle tissue is said to be …. voluntary

Name the type(s) of muscle tissue which are involuntary? Smooth Cardiac

The term describing the shape of these smooth muscle cells… Spindle shaped

Type of muscle tissue that causes peristalsis,vasoconstriction, and vasodilation Smooth muscle tissue

The capillary on the right has increased in diameter thus, it has undergone ____ due to relaxation of the smooth muscle in its walls. vasodilation

What does the arrow point at? Hint: this is cardiac muscle tissue. Intercalated disc

What are the wavy, vertical lines called in this skeletal muscle tissue? striations

Muscle tissue that is involuntary, striated, has intercalated discs, and is found in heart cardiac

What term describes a nerve cell that stimulates a skeletal muscle? Motor neuron

Transmission of an impulse down axon of motor neuron Action potential

What is shown below? Hint: it is the resetting of the membrane of a nerve or muscle cell after an action potential has traveled. Sodium potassium pump

This is an axon terminal of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron. This junction is called a.. synapse

‘A motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells it stimulates (or acts on) is called a …’ Motor unit

The red cell is a skeletal muscle cell that is attached to the stringy neuron. It is also called a … myofiber

What is shown in the square? myofiber Motor neuron Neuromuscular junction- junction of synaptic end bulb (axon terminal) of motor neuron and sarcolemma of myofiber

What are the little dots in the synaptic cleft/gap of the neuromuscular junction? chemicals called neurotransmitters that convert and transmit an electrical impulse across the n.m junction

What specific neurotransmitter is involved with transmission of an impulse across the neuromuscular junction? ACh (acetylcholine)

Inside a myofiber are organelles called ____ which contain myofilaments that slide myofibrils

The red myofilaments in the myofibril are composed of the protein called… myosin

The blue myofilaments of the myofibril are made mostly of the protein called… actin

“Working/contracting unit” in muscle cell/myofiber Sarcomere of myofibril

After myosin myofilaments grabs actin myofilaments, this energy storing molecule allows myosin to pull actin, detach,reattach, and pull again… ATP

What ‘theory’ is demonstrated here in this part of the muscular system? Sliding filament theory

ESSAY Functioning of neuromuscular junction Action potential in motor neuron and then into myofiber

Neuromuscular junction functioning Stimulation of motor neuron causes action potential/impulse from dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals, synaptic end bulbs, synaptic vesicles Synaptic vesicles burst and release ACh across synaptic gap from motor neuron to myofiber Neurotransmitter receptors of motor end plate of myofiber receive ACh

Neuromuscular junction functioning Stimulation of myofiber’s sarcolemma by Ach causes action potential/impulse in myofiber Impulse travels across sarcolemma to S.R. causing release of Ca+ Ca+ causes binding sites on actin myofilaments to open Cross bridges on myosin myofilaments attach to binding sites on actin Myosin cross bridges pull on actin ATP allows actin to slide, then detachment and reattachment of cross bridges and actin slides more, AKA sliding filament theory occurs