For example, Foil Lined Board is used in fast food containers for insulation, and also to help keep moisture in. Also, Duplex Board has a bleached liner on one side which makes it suitable for use in food packaging and drinks cartons.

Paper density/weight is measured in grams per square metre (g/m²) This quantity is also called ‘grammage’ NameTypical Density Layout and tracing paper50 g/m² Cartridge paper g/m² Cardboard200 g/m² + Solid white board g/m² Duplex board g/m²

Paper and card size is measured in either millimetres or inches SizeWidth (mm)Height (mm) A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B

Paper is made from very fine vegetable fibres which are made of cellulose that is extracted from wood. Coniferous and Deciduous Trees are used to provide the raw material for paper known as ‘wood pulp’. Hemp, Flax, Cotton or Bamboo can also be used but Wood is the most common. Chemicals are then added to the pulp to produce the required texture and finish. De-barked wood turned into pulp Water Starch Clay/Chalk Bonding Agents Dyes Paper produced on rolls

You should be able to identify common papers and their different properties and uses… Paper TypePropertyUses Layout paper Hard, translucent, typically 50g/m²Useful during development stage of deigning as previous drawings can be used as an underlay also takes spirit pens very well. Cartridge paper Tough, lightly textured, often very light cream colour, g/m² General drawing, takes coloured pencils very well. Tracing paper Hard, translucent, typically 50g/m²Useful during development stage of deigning as previous drawings can be used as an underlay also takes spirit pens very well. Grid paper Normally 1cm squares3d drawings Card Sometimes laminated to make thicker board, often recycled material, from 200g/m² upward printing, packaging, decorating, modelling Corrugated Board Cheap, strong but not heavy, normally single colour Large cartons Duplex board Made from pure wood pulp with a bleached liner on one side, typically g/m² Mainly in food packaging, drinks cartons Solid white board Strong, excellent for printing ontoBooks covers, expensive packaging Foam core board

You should be able to understand the different properties and uses of different papers both as media for communication and as a material for manufacturing products… For communication purposes paper is used for Letters, Memos, Bills, Invoices, Fax copies, Tickets (Rail, bus, train, boat, theatre, concerts, entry to buildings & more) Newspapers, magazines, Advertising - placards, technical and engineering drawings, books, music scores, birthday cards, writing pads, envelopes, greeting cards, calendars, diaries, telephone directories, labels, and identity cards and the list goes on! Paper is used for packaging, design, note taking, modelling, drawing, covering, wrapping lining, protecting and strengthening throughout manufacture. It can also be used as protection for all manufactured goods, transfer sheets and for decorating chinaware, and display boards.