How Do Rain Clouds Form? vHpO26Xv4&feature=related b58M1zIrY&feature=related

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Ch. 8 - Solids, Liquids, & Gases II. Changes in State (p )  Phase Changes  Heating Curves MATTER.

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Presentation transcript:

How Do Rain Clouds Form? vHpO26Xv4&feature=related b58M1zIrY&feature=related 1yphfgfFI&feature=related

Changes in State / Phase of Matter

Compare and Contrast Consumes Energy Melting Vaporization (Evaporation) Sublimation Releases Energy Freezing Condensation Deposition

History In ancient times, people used to put rocks from the fire into pools of water to warm the water up The hot rock would pass energy to the cool water until they both had the same final temperature heat energy will pass from the hot object to the cool object until the two objects are the same temperature but the two objects don't necessarily have the same change in temperature

When you put an ice cube in a drink, the drink immediately begins to cool down, but the ice cube will remain at 0° C until it melts completely. How is this possible?

The answer is that there is more energy in liquid water at 0°C than in solid water at 0°C. This extra energy in the liquid water is latent or hidden energy. For the solid to liquid (or liquid to solid) phase change, this hidden energy is potential energy and is called the latent heat of fusion

Increasing Particle Motion Increasing Energy Solid Liquid Gas Changes in State of Matter Melting Freezing Vaporization Condensation Sublimation

Phase Changes Due to Energy Gain Melting= solid  liquid Vaporization= liquid  gas

Phase Changes Due to Energy Loss Freezing= liquid  solid Condensation= gas  liquid

The specific heat of liquid water is 1 calorie/gram °C, which is higher than any other common substance. 1.It takes 2.05 Joules/gram to raise ice by 1 degree C. 2.It takes J/g to convert 0 degree ice to 0 degree water. This is known as the heat of fusion 3.It takes 4.18 J/g to raise the temperature of liquid water by 1 degree C. 4.It takes 2257 J/g to vaporize water - that is a lot! A joule (J) is the unit of energy used in the International System of Units

Heat of Fusion and Vaporization Heat of FusionHeat of Vaporization

Heat of Fusion and Vaporization ( with y axis equalized on both sides) Heat of FusionHeat of Vaporization

There will be a similar extra credit problem on the test Melting= solid  liquid Sample problem: How many Joules would it take to raise a 1 gram piece of ice from -1 degree C to liquid water at 1 degree C? 1. It takes 2.05 Joules/gram to raise ice by 1 degree C. 2. It takes J/g to convert 0 degree ice to 0 degree water. This is known as the heat of fusion 3. It takes 4.18 J/g to raise the temperature of liquid water by 1 degree C.

Phase Changes and Steel Melting Point: 1538°C or 2800°F Boiling Point: 2861°C or 5182°F

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