Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism typically microscopic and consisting of a cytoplasm and nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group forming basis for its activity and growth.

 The semi permeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.

A network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosome attached and is involved with protein and lipid synthesis.

A threadlike structure located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.

The Golgi apparatus is a cell structure mainly devoted to processing the proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Some of these will eventually end up as integral membrane proteins embedded in the plasma membrane. or be secreted by exocytosis (e.g., digestive enzymes).

Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. They are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains. Ribosomes are special because they are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae).

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