WATER AND SOLUTIONS CHAPTERS 15-16. WHAT ARE SEVERAL EXAMPLES THAT DEMONSTRATE THE SURFACE TENSION OF WATER?

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Presentation transcript:

WATER AND SOLUTIONS CHAPTERS 15-16

WHAT ARE SEVERAL EXAMPLES THAT DEMONSTRATE THE SURFACE TENSION OF WATER?

HOW DO COLLOIDS, SUSPENSIONS AND EMULSIONS DIFFER? SOLUTION-HOMOGENOUS MIXTURES THAT ARE STABLE, DO NOT SCATTER LIGHT AND WHEN FILTERED THE ENTIRE SOLUTION PASSES THROUGH THE FILTER PAPER SUSPENSION-HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE THAT SETTLES OUT UPON STANDING, SCATTER LIGHT AND WHEN FILTERED CAN BE SEPARATED

COLLOIDS-HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE THAT ARE STABLE, SCATTER LIGHT, PARTICLES DO NOT SETTLE-THEY STAY SUSPENDED AND WHEN FILTERED THE ENTIRE SOLUTION PASSES THROUGH THE FILTER PAPER EMULSIONS-COLLOIDS THAT ARE LIQUIDS IN LIQUIDS

WHAT ARE SOME BASIC PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS? SOLUTE- THE SUBSTANCE THAT GETS DISSOLVED; CAN BE A SOLID, LIQUID OR A GAS SOLVENT-THE SUBSTANCE THAT DOES THE DISSOLVING SOLVATION-THE PROCESS OF THE IONS OF AN IONIC SOLID BECOME SURROUNDED BY SOLVENT MOLECULES ELECTROLYTES ARE FORMED THROUGH THE PROCESS OF SOLVATION; IONIC COMPOUNDS DISSOCIATE INTO IONS SOLUTIONS ARE HOMOGENEOUS, DO NOT SCATTER LIGHT AND CANNOT BE FILTERED

WHAT ARE SOME FACTORS THAT DETERMINE HOW FAST A SUBSTANCE WILL DISSOLVE? 1.TEMPERATURE 2.AGITATION 3.SURFACE AREA

WHAT ARE SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SATURATED, UNSATURATED AND SUPERSATURATED SOLUTIONS? SATURATED-CONTAINS THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF SOLUTE FOR A GIVEN AMOUNT OF SOLVENT AND A SPECIFIC TEMPERATURE UNSATURATED- CONTAINS LESS SOLUTE THAN A SATURATED SOLUTION AT A GIVEN TEMPERATURE SUPERSATURATED- CONTAINS MORE SOLUTE THAN IT CAN THEORETICALLY HOLD AT A GIVEN TEMPERATURE; A SEED CRYSTAL CAN PRODUCE CRYSTALLIZATION

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MISCIBLE AND IMMISCIBLE? MISCIBLE-LIQUIDS THAT CAN DISSOLVE IN ONE ANOTHER IMMISCIBLE-LIQUIDS THAT DO NOT DISSOLVE IN ANOTHER

HOW DOES TEMPERATURE AFFECT SOLUBILITY? THE SOLUBILITY OF MOST SOLID SUBSTANCES INCREASES AS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SOLVENT INCREASES THE SOLUBILITY OF LIQUIDS DECREASES AS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SOLVENT INCREASES. FISH KILLS OFTEN OCCUR IN THE SUMMER BECAUSE AS THE WATER HEATS UP THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN IN THE WATER DECREASES

HOW DOES PRESSURE AFFECT SOLUBILITY? PRESSURE HAS LITTLE AFFECT ON THE SOLUBILITY OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS. AS THE PRESSURE OF THE GAS ABOVE THE SOLUTION INCREASES, THE SOLUBILITY OF A GAS INCREASES (HENRY’S LAW)

HOW DO YOU CALCULATE THE MOLARITY OF A SOLUTION? MOLARITY= MOLES OF SOLUTE/LITERS OF SOLUTION WHAT IS THE MOLARITY OF A SOLUTION THAT HAS.90 GRAMS OF NACL DISSOLVED IN 100 ML OF SOLUTION?

HOW MANY MOLES OF SOLUTE IN 1.5 L OF A.70M SOLUTION OF NACLO?

HOW DO YOU MAKE A DILUTION? 1.DILUTING A SOLUTION CHANGES THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF SOLUTE PER UNIT VOLUME BUT DOES NOT CHANGE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF MOLES 2.M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 3.HOW MANY ML OF 2.00 M MGSO 4 MUST BE DILUTED WITH WATER TO MAKE 100 ML OF 4.0 M MGSO 4 ?