Warm Up: -Create a mind map for “Greece.” -Include all of your preconceptions (things you already know or think of when you hear Greece.

Ancient Greece Ancient Greece 2000 BCE BCE

Introduction Video

Where is Greece? Here’s Greece France & Italy ©2001. Sa Majesté la Reine du Canada. Ressources naturelles Canada. Europe

Where is Greece? Sunny Greece is 1,500 miles from England. It’s capital city is Athens It is famous for its beautiful beaches and sea!

La Grèce dans l’Antiquité The region to the east of Greece (towards Turkey and India) was known as the Persian Empire, with whom Greece fought many epic battles. Macedonia, to the north, from where Alexander the Great came to conquer Greece and usher in the Hellenistic Age. The city of Sparta is found in an area commonly known as Pelopennesia. The isle of Crete, where the first Greek civilization appeared… They were known as the Minonans and Disappeared with no known cause. The city of Athens Is found in an area Commonly referred to as Attica.

Ancient Greece CradleWestern worldCommerceA mariner A TraderRelief (land)AcropolisA Temple City-statesMonarchyAristocracyA Tyrant TyrannyDeceptionAgoraGynécée MeticsNon-citizenDemocracyAttica ImmortalOlympianPolytheistic Anthropomorphic AltarsSanctuariesTruceOracle PremonitionPersian EmpireOfferingsGrammatikos

Ancient Greece Just as we learned that Mesopotamia was the cradle of all civilization, it is understood that Greece is the cradle of Western Civilization …western in this sense meaning the civilizations of Europe and North America.

Ancient Greece With what did they provide us? Our system of government The sciencesThe ArtsWriting V.gif. apel.jpg

What have the ancient Greeks provided for our society? M. Bridgeo Aristotle: Great Greek Philosopher and tutor to Alexander the Great

What we have gained from the ancient Greeks…metal money M. Bridgeo Drachmas

architecture M. Bridgeo The Parthenon… Considered as one of the seven wonders of the world

Sculptures M. Bridgeo A portion of the band of sculpture that surrounds the Panthenon (1 m in height and 160 m in length) presenting 360 people and 200 animals. Poséidon (mer) Artémis (chasse) Apollon (soleil)

Democracy M. Bridgeo Pericles: Politician who gave us The first democratic system

Intellectual thought and university M. Bridgeo Socrates: Greek Philosopher Euclide: Greek Mathemetician Pythagorus: Greek Astronomer

Intellectuals M. Bridgeo Hippocrates: Medecine Herodotus: Greek Historian Phidias: Greek Architect Doctors take the “Hippocratic Oath”

The alphabet and writing M. Bridgeo

Athletic games… M. Bridgeo

Literature M. Bridgeo

War tactics M. Bridgeo The Phalanx

The geography of Greece From this map we can clearly see that Greece is a country of islands. It was also a very Mountainous country (80% of the country is mountains). Travel and trade via land was, therefore, Very difficult, as you could understand due to the relief. With a warm and dry climate, and not a lot of cultivatable land, they practiced horticulture Although they were able to grow vines and olives.

Ancient Greece In Ancient Greece, the different cities were at war with each other. The most fearsome fighters came from the town of Sparta.

The Climate The climate is Mediterranean. The Mediterranean Sea affects the Greek climate, cooling the air in summer and providing warmth in winter. The warm summers are cooled by a seasonal breezes from the Mediterranean called the ‘Meltemia’.

The Climate - Summer The Greek summer is hot and dry. On average the sun shines for 3,000 hours per year. The average temperature is 33°. In Britain it is 15°. The average rainfall is 6mm. In Britain it is 76mm.

The Climate - winter The Greek winter is moderate. It can be rainy on costal regions and snowy in the mountains. The average temperature is 15°. In Britain it is 4°, sometimes falling to -10°. The average rainfall is 65mm. In Britain it is over 100mm.

greece - terrain Greece has a very scenic landscape. The terrain of Greece is very varied. There are mountains, valleys and coasts. The high mountains are separated by deep valleys through which rivers flow.

greece - terrain No part of Greece is more than about forty miles from the coast (a couple of days walking). There are lots of islands surrounding Greece. However, millions of years ago the seabed was completely dry!

soil and plants Vegetation is dependent on geographical regions. Due to the variety of land, there a some 6,000 indigenous species in Greece. In Ancient Greece, farmers grew olives, figs, grain, fruit and grapes in the fertile valleys.

Soil and plants However, other parts of Ancient Greece had drier soil and less vegetation, particularly around the cities. Although surrounded by sea water, they found it difficult to find fresh water away from the valleys. The high mountains also prevented large-scale farming, so the Greeks were forced to look beyond their own country for fertile land.

volcanic Another important aspect of the Greek environment is that it is very unstable. Greece is in the middle of a very volcanic zone, between the European and African tectonic plates. There are several active volcanoes and earthquakes are common.

Travel in Ancient Greece The Greeks had to import their cereals and grains, so trade with foreign countries and the ability to travel for this purpose was very important. Their main method of transport was by, as you could well imagine, boat…here is a picture of a Greek warship, to show you the shipbuilding abilities of this seafaring nation, the trière

Time Line 776 BC The first Olympic games. about 750 BC Early Greek culture. Homer '. writes the epics 'The Iliad' and the 'Odyssey BC Corinth is ruled by the tyrant Kypselos and then his son Periander. 508 BC Democracy begins in Athens 490 and 480 BC Greeks defeat Persian invaders at the battles of Marathon (490 BC)and Salamis (480 BC). by 450 BC Athens becomes a very powerful city, and controls an empire BCGreeks theatre thrives in Athens. Many of the most famous Greek plays are written during this time.

Time line BC Perikles is the popular leader at Athens as the general of the Athenian army 432 BC The Parthenon in Athens is finished being built BC War between Athens and Sparta (the Peloponnesian war) 428 BC The revolt of Mytilene 404 BC Sparta defeats Athens. 338 BC Philip, king of Macedonia, takes control of Greece BC Alexander the Great, son of Philip, conquers most of the known world as far east as India. 146 BC Rome conquers Greece - Greece becomes part of the Roman empire.

Summary Video

Questions How did the geography of Greece lead to strongly independent Greek communities? How did Greek communities communicate with each other?