These slides are optimized for PowerPoint versions 12 (2007/2008) and 14 (2010/2011). If viewed in earlier versions of PowerPoint, some slides may not display properly. BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS This presentation should be viewed in “Slide Show” view to display properly. Use the tab key, space bar, arrow keys, or page up/down to move through the slides. [Mac: Go to “Slide Show” pulldown menu and click on “Play from Start.”] [PC: Go to “Slide Show” tab and click on “From beginning.”] Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS Fourth Edition Sherrie L. Nist Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Unit Three Chapter 15 evasive fluent futile harass elapse lethal obsession ordeal persistent infer Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Ten Words in Context Unit Three/ Chapter 15 Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Ten Words in Context Although four years had elapsed since I last saw Marian, we talked as if we’d never parted. When I’m busy with work I enjoy, I never notice how much time is elapsing. Elapse means A. to develop. B. to go back. C. to go by. Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 1 elapse – verb If you click the play button on this stopwatch, you will see one second elapse. Lookang via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context Although four years had elapsed since I last saw Marian, we talked as if we’d never parted. When I’m busy with work I enjoy, I never notice how much time is elapsing. Elapse means A. to develop. B. to go back. C. to go by. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 1 elapse – verb If you click the play button on this stopwatch, you will see one second elapse. Lookang via Wikimedia Commons Four years had gone by since they last saw one another. Doing something one enjoys makes one not notice how much time is going by.

Ten Words in Context The Rothmans worried that their son was hiding something when he became evasive about where he had been and what he’d been doing. We didn’t want anyone at school to know our father was in the hospital, so we were evasive about him, saying only, “He has to be away for a while.” Evasive means A. truthful. B. indefinite. C. detailed. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 2 evasive – adjective This sign contains evasive language. Federal Highway Administration via Wikimedia Commons/ © Townsend Press

Ten Words in Context The Rothmans worried that their son was hiding something when he became evasive about where he had been and what he’d been doing. We didn’t want anyone at school to know our father was in the hospital, so we were evasive about him, saying only, “He has to be away for a while.” Evasive means A. truthful. B. indefinite. C. detailed. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 2 evasive – adjective If the Rothmans think their son is hiding something, he must have been indefinite about his activities. In the second item, the statement “He has to be away for a while” is indefinite. This sign contains evasive language. Federal Highway Administration via Wikimedia Commons/ © Townsend Press

Ten Words in Context To work in a foreign country, it helps to be fluent in its language. Jamila wanted to hear what was wrong with her car in simple, everyday words. She was not fluent in the language of auto mechanics. Fluent means A. able to remember. B. able to teach. C. able to express oneself. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 3 fluent – adjective This man is fluent in five languages. Davykamanzi and nicolas genin via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context To work in a foreign country, it helps to be fluent in its language. Jamila wanted to hear what was wrong with her car in simple, everyday words. She was not fluent in the language of auto mechanics. Fluent means A. able to remember. B. able to teach. C. able to express oneself. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 3 fluent – adjective This man is fluent in five languages. Davykamanzi and nicolas genin via Wikimedia Commons It helps to be able to express oneself in the language of the country where one works. If Jamila wants to hear the explanation in simple, everyday words, she must not be able to express herself in the language of auto mechanics.

Ten Words in Context My best friend is so stubborn that once he has made a decision, it is futile to try to change his mind. I’m convinced that washing machines eat socks, so it is futile to try to find matching pairs in a load of clean laundry. Futile means A. hopeless. B. easy. C. useful. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 4 futile – adjective It seems futile for this magician to try to escape. Cnsuperhuman via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context Futile means A. hopeless. B. easy. C. useful. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 4 futile – adjective It seems futile for this magician to try to escape. Cnsuperhuman via Wikimedia Commons If the friend is very stubborn, it would be hopeless to try to change the person’s mind. If washing machines ate socks, it would be hopeless to try to find matching pairs. My best friend is so stubborn that once he has made a decision, it is futile to try to change his mind. I’m convinced that washing machines eat socks, so it is futile to try to find matching pairs in a load of clean laundry.

Ten Words in Context A few students in the cafeteria like to harass everyone else by frequently clinking their silverware and stamping their feet. Sometimes it doesn’t help to harass people about quitting smoking. Bothering them all the time may make them resist quitting. Harass means A. to injure. B. to annoy. C. to please. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 5 harass – verb Three students harassing a classmate Edith Castro Roldán, Oscar Manuel Luna Nieto via Wikimedia Commons

Harass means A. to injure. B. to annoy. C. to please. Ten Words in Context A few students in the cafeteria like to harass everyone else by frequently clinking their silverware and stamping their feet. Sometimes it doesn’t help to harass people about quitting smoking. Bothering them all the time may make them resist quitting. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 5 harass – verb Clinking their silverware and stamping their feet would be ways for a few students to annoy everyone else. In the second item, the words bothering them all the time suggest that harass means “to annoy.” Three students harassing a classmate Edith Castro Roldán, Oscar Manuel Luna Nieto via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context The fact that the old man left his fortune to strangers led us to infer he was not fond of his children. Since you went hiking on Super Bowl Sunday, I inferred that you were not a football fan. Infer means A. to conclude. B. to forget. C. to conceal. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 6 infer – verb We can infer from this picture that this child is enjoying what she is eating. U.S. Department of Agriculture via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context Infer means A. to conclude. B. to forget. C. to conceal. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 6 infer – verb We can infer from this picture that this child is enjoying what she is eating. U.S. Department of Agriculture via Wikimedia Commons Based on the fact stated, one can conclude the man was not fond of his children. It is reasonable to conclude that someone who goes hiking on Super Bowl Sunday is not a football fan. The fact that the old man left his fortune to strangers led us to infer he was not fond of his children. Since you went hiking on Super Bowl Sunday, I inferred that you were not a football fan.

Ten Words in Context My father is not alive today because of a lethal combination of driving and drinking. Jake is so good at karate that his hands are lethal weapons. Because he realizes he could kill somebody, he is very careful with his karate skills. Lethal means A. rare. B. deadly. C. hopeful. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 7 lethal – adjective The poison in this spider’s bite can be lethal to humans. Clinton & Charles Robertson via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context My father is not alive today because of a lethal combination of driving and drinking. Jake is so good at karate that his hands are lethal weapons. Because he realizes he could kill somebody, he is very careful with his karate skills. Lethal means A. rare. B. deadly. C. hopeful. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 7 lethal – adjective The poison in this spider’s bite can be lethal to humans. Clinton & Charles Robertson via Wikimedia Commons Driving and drinking are a deadly combination. If Jake is so skilled at karate that he can kill somebody, his hands are deadly weapons.

Ten Words in Context Psychologists help people troubled by obsessions to gain control over their thinking, so they are not bothered by the same thoughts over and over. Going to garage sales was at first just a hobby. But bargain-hunting has become such an obsession that I can’t seem to stop going to them. Obsession means A. a helpful habit. B. a possession. C. a constant concern. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 8 obsession – noun Used with the permission of Randy Glasbergen “You really ought to get help for that obsession with licking your paws.”

Ten Words in Context Psychologists help people troubled by obsessions to gain control over their thinking, so they are not bothered by the same thoughts over and over. Going to garage sales was at first just a hobby. But bargain-hunting has become such an obsession that I can’t seem to stop going to them. Obsession means A. a helpful habit. B. a possession. C. a constant concern. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 8 obsession – noun Used with the permission of Randy Glasbergen “You really ought to get help for that obsession with licking your paws.” For people who are bothered by the same thoughts over and over, those thoughts are a constant concern. If the person can’t stop going to garage sales, bargain- hunting must have become a constant concern.

Ten Words in Context Even if you are in good physical condition, running cross-country is an ordeal. Hannah came out of the difficult three-hour test, sighed, and said, “What an ordeal. I’m worn out.” Ordeal means A. a welcome event. B. a sure success. C. a difficult challenge. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 9 ordeal – noun Ice climbing is an ordeal. Bernhard via Wikimedia Commons

Ten Words in Context Even if you are in good physical condition, running cross-country is an ordeal. Hannah came out of the difficult three-hour test, sighed, and said, “What an ordeal. I’m worn out.” Ordeal means A. a welcome event. B. a sure success. C. a difficult challenge. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 9 ordeal – noun Ice climbing is an ordeal. Bernhard via Wikimedia Commons Running cross-country is a difficult challenge. A difficult three-hour test is a difficult challenge.

Ten Words in Context At first Tony wouldn’t go out with Lola, but she was persistent in asking him. Now they’re engaged. I am a very persistent salesman. I work with customers for as long as it takes for them to buy something. Persistent means A. stubborn. B. useless. C. late. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter persistent – adjective

Ten Words in Context At first Tony wouldn’t go out with Lola, but she was persistent in asking him. Now they’re engaged. I am a very persistent salesman. I work with customers for as long as it takes for them to buy something. Persistent means A. stubborn. B. useless. C. late. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter persistent – adjective If Tony and Lola are now engaged, Lola must have been stubborn about asking him out. Someone who works with customers as long as it takes must be a stubborn salesman.

Sentence Check 1 Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15

Sentence Check 1 Complete the item with the correct word from the box. A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent 1. Roger knew a few Chinese phrases, but he was not _________ enough in Chinese to carry on a conversation. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 fluent To carry on a conversation, one must be able to express oneself with ease. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Roger knew a few Chinese phrases, but he was not _________ enough in Chinese to carry on a conversation.

Sentence Check 1 2. Photographers _________(e)d the movie star, photographing her even on a private beach. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 harassed If photographers photographed the star even on a private beach, they constantly disturbed her. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Photographers ____________ the movie star, photographing her even on a private beach.

Sentence Check 1 3. When I’m on a diet, the thought of eating pizza becomes an __________ for me. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 When on a diet, the idea of eating pizza can completely fill one’s mind. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter When I’m on a diet, the thought of eating pizza becomes an __________ for me. obsession

Sentence Check 1 4. Reporters tried to pin the President down on his plan to rescue the hostages, but he always gave a(n) __________ answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 evasive In spite of the efforts to pin the President down, he gave a deliberately unclear answer. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Reporters tried to pin the President down on his plan to rescue the hostages, but he always gave an ___________ answer.

Sentence Check 1 5. After ten seconds __________, a bell rings, and the game- show host reads the next question. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 After ten seconds pass, a bell rings. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter After ten seconds __________, a bell rings, and the game- show host reads the next question. elapse

Sentence Check 1 6. Selling drugs can be a(n) _________ occupation—there is almost one drug-related murder a day in Philadelphia alone. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 One murder a day suggests that selling drugs is a deadly occupation. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Selling drugs can be a ___________ occupation—there is almost one drug-related murder a day in Philadelphia alone. lethal

Sentence Check 1 7. Going to the veterinarian is a real _________ for our dog, who begins to shiver in fear at the sight of the vet’s office. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 The dog’s reaction shows that going to the vet is a very difficult experience for the dog. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Going to the veterinarian is a real _________ for our dog, who begins to shiver in fear at the sight of the vet’s office. ordeal

Sentence Check 1 8. It is __________ to try to have a conversation with Manny when a football game is on television because his eyes are glued to the set. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 If his eyes are glued to the TV, it’s useless to try to have a conversation. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter It is __________ to try to have a conversation with Manny when a football game is on television because his eyes are glued to the set. futile

Sentence Check 1 9. Eduardo had to work full-time to support his family, but he still earned his college degree by being __________ in his studies even when he was busy or tired. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 If Eduardo earned his degree, he must have refused to quit. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter Eduardo had to work full-time to support his family, but he still earned his college degree by being __________ in his studies even when he was busy or tired. persistent

Sentence Check It was easy for the teacher to __________ that one of the students had copied the other’s paper—both had the same wording in several paragraphs. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent

A. elapseB. evasiveC. fluentD. futileE.harass F. inferG. lethalH. obsessionI. ordealJ. persistent Sentence Check 1 infer Based on the evidence, it was easy to draw the conclusion that one student copied the other’s paper. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter It was easy for the teacher to __________ that one of the students had copied the other’s paper—both had the same wording in several paragraphs.

Chapter Review Try to define each of the words from this chapter. The words will appear one at a time as you advance the slides. Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15

futile Useless; unable to succeed; hopeless Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse To pass or slip by (usually said of time); go by

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive Deliberately unclear

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal A very difficult or painful experience; a difficult challenge

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal Able to cause death; deadly

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession An idea or feeling, often unreasonable, which completely fills someone’s mind; fascination; a constant concern

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer To draw a conclusion from evidence; conclude

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass To constantly irritate or disturb; bother; annoy

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass persistent

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass persistent Refusing to quit; stubbornly continuing

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass persistent fluent

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass persistent fluent Able to express oneself with skill and ease

futile Chapter Review Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved. Unit Three/ Chapter 15 elapse evasive ordeal lethal obsession infer harass persistent fluent

Unit Three Chapter 15 evasive fluent futile harass elapse lethal obsession ordeal persistent infer Copyright © 2015 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.