Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / (a) Posterior view of a left porcine condyle with the articular condylar cartilage intact. (b) An enlarged superior view of condylar cartilage isolated from a right porcine condyle, displaying the different regions of the cartilage: anterior, posterior, superior, medial, and lateral. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / A superior view of condylar cartilage superimposed with the specimen preparation scheme. Three specimens from each condylar cartilage were tested, either in the mediolateral direction or in the anteroposterior direction. In the mediolateral direction, specimens were prepared from the anterior, superior, and posterior regions. In the anteroposterior direction, specimens were prepared from the medial, central, and lateral regions. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / Photograph of the custom-built tensile bath and grip assembly. Shown here is the bath (1) to which the lower grip (2) was clamped. The upper grip (3) was attached to the movable crosshead that carried a load cell (4) of 50N capacity. The temperature was controlled using an immersion heater (5) and a temperature probe (6), both connected to a temperature controller. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / Typical stress-strain response of a condylar cartilage specimen, when stretched to 20% strain. The example curve provided here belonged to a specimen from the superior region, tested in the mediolateral direction. The curve demonstrates a nonlinear region extending to approximately 6% strain, followed by a linear region. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / Example of a typical stress relaxation response curve fitted to the linear viscoelastic models. The specimen provided here was from the superior region, tested in the mediolateral direction. The solid line represents the experimental data, showing the biexponential stress relaxation behavior of the specimen. The Kelvin model could not provide a close fit for the entire data. Therefore, the Kelvin model was fitted to only the slow relaxation phase and was used to obtain the equilibrium modulus. Using this equilibrium modulus, the second-order generalized Kelvin model provided a close fit to the experimental data. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / Polarized light micrographs displaying the collagen fibers from the fibrous zone of condylar cartilage from a right condyle at 100× magnification (scale bar=100μm). The locations from where the micrographs were captured are shown in the schematic of condylar cartilage in R1:C1 (denoted by white dots). The three columns (C2-4) correspond to tensile specimens tested in the anteroposterior direction and correspond to the specimens from the medial, central, and lateral regions, respectively. The three rows (R1-3) correspond to tensile specimens tested in the mediolateral direction, where the middle row (R2) corresponds to the specimens from the superior region of the cartilage, and other two rows (R1 and R3) belong to regions close to the anterior and posterior edges of the cartilage. Micrographs from the peripheral regions (R1, R3, C1, C5) show that fibers ran in a ring-like fashion around the periphery. Micrographs from the interior regions (R2:C2-4) show that fiber orientation was predominantly anteroposterior inside the periphery. A: anterior, P: posterior, M: medial, L: lateral. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1): doi: / Superior view of a left porcine condyle superimposed with a simplified schematic of macroscopic fiber orientation of the fibrous zone, where only the predominant fiber orientation is shown. The schematic is based on the polarized light micrographs and visual inspection of the articular surface of the cartilage. Figure Legend: