1 ) What happens to water once is goes down the drain? 2) What happens to water or chemicals that get thrown on the ground outside?

1. Warm-up 2. Water Cycle 3. Surface water vs. Groundwater 4. Pollution Activity

 What is a cycle? ◦ A cycle is a repeating event or process  What are some cycles in our lives?  What cycles have we learned about this semester? 3

4

What is the WATER CYCLE? ◦ The unending circulation of water moving through the oceans, atmosphere, solid Earth (lithosphere), and the biosphere 5

 Use your textbook to find the definitions for the words on your note sheet  Transpiration – on pg.______________

Based on the definitions, fill in the blanks on this chart

9 The average person in the United States uses anywhere from gallons of water per day. Flushing the toilet actually takes up the largest amount of this water.

 What is the law of conservation of matter?  The law of conservation of matter says that matter is never created or destroyed. 10 WATER CYCLE BALANCE

 How does the law of conservation of matter relate to the water cycle? ◦ Water is never created or destroyed. It just cycles through different forms in what we call the water cycle. 11 WATER CYCLE BALANCE

 Because water is never created or destroyed, the water cycle is balanced.  Balance in the water cycle means that the average annual precipitation over Earth equals the amount of water that evaporates 12 WATER CYCLE BALANCE

 There are local imbalances ◦ Ex: over the ocean, more water evaporates than precipitates ◦ Ex: over land, more water precipitates than evaporates 13 WATER CYCLE BALANCE

 Fresh water (3%) ◦ Ground water:  Aquifers ◦ Surface water:  Lakes, rivers, streams  Run-off  Watersheds  Salt water: ◦ Oceans (salt water – 97%)

 A watershed is the area of land that drains to a lakes, rivers, streams, etc. – this includes both ground and surface water  What watershed do we live on in Cabarrus?  Yadkin?! 15

 Aquifers – where water gets stored underground

Zone of Aeration: pore spaces are partly filled with water and partly filled with AIR. Found above the water table

Zone of Saturation: pore spaces are completely filled with water (“saturated”); found below the water table

The water table: boundary between the Zone of Aeration and the Zone of Saturation where the water line stops

Impermeable Layer: a layer of ground substance where pores are too small and water cannot pass through (Ex: Clay, granite)

Unconfined Aquifer can be easily refilled by surface water infiltrating into the ground; Bottom boundary is an impermeable layer and top boundary is the water table

C onfined aquifer = groundwater that is held between two layers of impermeable rock (water is trapped)

 Mk8k Mk8k

 1. Read the front page  2. Follow the directions on the 2 nd page  You will need 2 different colored pencils!  3. Answer the follow up questions on a separate sheet of paper  WORK IN PAIRS!

 Use one color to draw a straight line from the 50ft well in the top right corner to the 10 ft. well on the top right and the 10ft well on the bottom left, like this:

 Estimate elevation points along these lines by using nearby wells as reference, should look something like this: These are not contour lines, but merely extra points of elevation that will be used to add in the contour lines.

 Then draw the contour lines, with a different color, by connecting points of equal elevation:

 And then add arrows perpendicular to the contour lines showing how contamination would flow downhill:

 Next, draw a contamination plume by circling all of the contaminated wells and as few of the uncontaminated wells as possible. The plume is smaller/more concentrated near the source and disperses as it moves from the source.