Cellular Respiration

WARNING! Pay attention! There is a quick 6 point quiz at the end!

Cellular Respiration Objectives: Summarize how glucose is broken down in the first stage of cellular respiration. Describe how ATP is made in the second stage of cellular respiration. Identify the role of fermentation in the second stage of cellular respiration. Evaluate the importance of oxygen in aerobic respiration.

Cellular Respiration Takes place in ALL living organisms –Plants –Animals –Some bacteria Where as photosynthesis takes place only in plants!!

Mitochondria Where glucose is broken down releasing CO 2, water, and ATP

ATP Most of the energy from cell respiration is converted into ATP ATP is a substance that powers most cell activities.

Vocabulary Cellular Respiration – the transfer of energy from an organic compound into ATP Fermentation – the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen Aerobic- with oxygen Anaerobic – without oxygen

Cellular Respiration Cellular Energy The Stages of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration has two stages. 1- Glycolysis The first stage of cellular respiration is called glycolysis. 2- Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration The second stage of cellular respiration is either aerobic respiration (in the presence of oxygen) or anaerobic respiration (in the absence of oxygen).

Cellular Respiration Stage One: Breakdown of Glucose Glycolysis Glucose is broken down to pyruvate during glycolysis, making some ATP. Let’s chant! “Glycolysis breaks down glucose!!!”

Cellular Respiration Stage Two: Production of ATP “with oxygen” Krebs Cycle - series of reactions that produce ATP during aerobic respiration. Electron Transport Chain - large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain.

Cellular Respiration Fermentation in the “Absence of Oxygen” Fermentation When oxygen is not present (anaerobic), fermentation follows glycolysis, regenerating NAD + needed for glycolysis to continue. Lactic Acid Fermentation In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is converted to lactate. – “Burns” in muscles after working out

Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration is a metabolic process like burning fuel –Releases much of the energy in food to make ATP –This ATP provides cells with the energy they need to carry out the activities of life. –C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP

Post-it quiz Grab a post-it and number 1 - 6

Review When oxygen is present most the ATP made in cellular respiration is produced by: A. aerobic respiration B. Glycolysis C. alcoholic fermentation D. Lactic acid fermentation.

Review Which of the following is NOT responsible for creation of ATP in cellular respiration? A. Kreb’s cycle B. glycolysis C. Calvin Cycle D. electron transport

Review When oxygen is absent, what type of process will occur? A. aerobic respiration B. fermentation C. electron transport D. Kerb’s cycle

Review Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration? A. C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 + CO 2  H 2 O + ATP B. C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP C. CO 2 + H 2 O + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 D. CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Review Where does aerobic respiration take place in a cell? A. chloroplast B. stomata C. mitochondria D. cytosol

Review Why is fermentation important to cells? A. used to make beer B. regenerates energy molecules C. Produces a LOT of ATP D. used to make yogurt and bread