Discovering the Worlds Oceans

a. The 1 st know sailing vessels were in 3000 B.C. b. There was a fairly accurate map of the world by 150 A.D.

c. After the Fall of the Roman Empire, Sea Exploration Stopped except for the Vikings who invaded Europe, North Africa and even North America

Bartholomew Dias sailed around the Tip of Africa, known as the Cape of Good Hope

Christopher Columbus explored the Caribbean including Cuba, the Bahamas and the Virgin Islands

John Cabot explored the American Coast Amerigo Vespucci explored 9,600 kilometers of the American Coast

* Ferdinand Magellan was the first to Sail around the entire Earth

Captain James Cook- British Explorer, first European contact with Australia and Hawaii A. Discovered Scurry, which is a lack of Vitamin C B. He used latitude and Longitude to determine locations.

c. Benjamin Franklin was a U.S. Postmaster when he discovered the Gulf Stream, the river like current going across he Atlantic. He wanted to know why mail got to England faster than it came to the U.S.

D. Charles Darwin while sailing on a vessel called the HMS Beagle discovered the Marine Iguana and the Giant Turtle. He is most famous for his Theory of Evolution

E. Charles W. Thomson is called the Father of Oceanography -He Voyaged on a ship called the HMS Challenger -The ship performed test on water, Temperature, Pressure, Tides and Currents. -He discovered many new forms of Marine Life

A. Ancient Greeks dove for Shells B BC Face Masks with glass were invented after that advancement in the production of Glass

C.The 1st Diving chamber was Bell Shaped with a supply of air.

D. The first Diving Suits were heavy metal helmet with a water tight suit attached.

E. In 1943 the Aqualung was created by Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan.

* Another Name for this device is SCUBA gear which stands for Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus * SCUBA gear can only go 135 meters deep, the average depth of the ocean is 3,600 meters.

F. Manned Research submarines called Submersibles can go as deep as 11,000 meters G. Robots using lights and cameras can dive up to 6.4 kilometers and remain under water for 1 year

* The Titanic was discovered in 1985 using a Robotic Submersible. It was never raised from the ocean floor out of respect for the victims of the tragedy.

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