War in the Pacific

After Pearl Harbor…  Japan invaded and took over Hong Kong, Guam, Wake Island, and Philippines.

Notes: Battles in the Pacific  After Pearl Harbor, Japanese attacked and took over Hong Kong, Guam, Wake Island, and the Philippines.

 Other islands were also taken over by the Japanese.  It seemed Japan might win the war in the Pacific.

Notes:  By spring 1942, it seemed that Japan was dominating the Pacific.

Notes:  Two Battles  Battle of Coral Sea  Battle of Midway These two battles turned the war in favor of the Allies.

Two Battles  Battle of Coral Sea

Two Battles  Battle of Coral Sea

Battle of Coral Sea USS Lexington explodes during the Battle of the Coral Sea.

Battle of Coral Sea  Allies wanted to stop Japan from invading Australia  1 st naval battle that the ships never saw one another  Fought by planes from aircraft carriers  No real victory– no invasion of Australia

Notes: Battle of Coral Sea – whole battle fought by planes launched by aircraft carriers; ended with no real victory; Allies stopped Japan from invading Australia

Battle of Midway

 Japanese leaders sent coded message ordering their forces to invade Midway Island.  U.S. broke the code and read Japan’s plans.

Battle of Midway  U.S. forces rushed to meet the Japanese fleet.  Battle of Midway raged from June 4-June 8, 1942.

Battle of Midway The cruiser Mikuma sunk at Midway

Battle of Midway The Yorktown Under Attack

Battle of Midway  Crewman of the burning Yorktown tend to their ship and their fallen comrades  The Battle of Midway had cost 362 American lives including those killed defending Midway. For the United States, Midway was a magnificent victory against greater odds and was described by Admiral Nimitz as "a glorious page in our history".  The Battle of Midway had cost 362 American lives including those killed defending Midway. For the United States, Midway was a magnificent victory against greater odds and was described by Admiral Nimitz as "a glorious page in our history".

Notes: Battle of Midway – Japan to attack Midway Island, near Hawaii; 4 aircraft carriers and 200+ planes destroyed; Japanese were on the run

Notes:  Able to win Battle of Midway because the United States broke Japan’s codes and read their plans to attack

Notes  After Midway, the Allies forced Japan out of the islands they had conquered

Notes:  Island hopping - Allied plan to take back only key Pacific islands

Notes:  Philippine Islands  U.S. wanted to take back  U.S. territory for many years  July 1945 – Allies took away from Japanese

Philippine Islands This Allied victory was … Notes: **important because it gave the Allies a land base from which to attack Japan

Iwo Jima and Okinawa

 Notes: Allies won both battles Allies won both battles Many lives were lost Many lives were lost

Atom Bomb

Albert Einstein wrote a letter to FDR warning of Germany’s plans to build a new kind of bomb.

Atom Bomb Because of the letter, FDR created a secret group of scientists to get ahead of Germany in creating this new kind of bomb.

Notes:  Manhattan Project – secret group of scientists Created by FDR to build an atom bomb before Germany could Created by FDR to build an atom bomb before Germany could

Notes-Victory Over Japan  July  Japan’s navy destroyed  Japan’s air force weakened  Japan’s air force weakened  Japan lost land and raw materials  Japan lost land and raw materials  Allies bombing Japanese cities  Allies bombing Japanese cities  Allies sent message to Japan to surrender immediately  Allies sent message to Japan to surrender immediately  Dropped atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki  Dropped atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Enola Gay

A column of smoke rises 20,000 feet over Hiroshima, Japan after "Little Boy," the first atomic five- ton bomb, was dropped.

 Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki.

Atom Bomb

Notes: V-J Day-Victory over Japan, August 15, 1945 Main reason for Japan surrendering– the destruction caused by the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Review  What was Hitler’s “Final Solution”?  Murder all European Jews and others he considered “undesirable”

Review  How was WW II different from WW I?  Soldiers used tanks, airplanes, ships to move quickly from battle to battle.  Fought over much more land  Bombs dropped that destroyed entire cities

Review  What was D-Day?  Massive water to land attack on German troops in Normandy, France

Review  What was V-E Day?  Victory in Europe  war in Europe was over  Allies accepted the surrender of German military leaders

Review  When the Allies went into Italy, what was the mood of the people in Sicily?  The Italian people were tired of war and unhappy with Mussolini