Information Technology for Indonesian Education Network Computer Network Research Group Institute of Technology Bandung

Focus zExisting Implemented Infrastructure. zExperience in Building an AII. zLow Cost Technology To Educate Indonesia. Low cost is the real challenge

Our situation zDevelop by University zImplemented & Run by Education Sector zFor Indonesia ….

Outline zHistorical Perspective zCurrent Infrastructure. zBrief overview on our research results in: yphysical layer. yNetwork layer. yApplication layer.

Experience in Internet building zJanuary Suryono (Texas) install a packet radio 1200bps to LAPAN. zLAPAN 1200bps to BPPT & Internet 64Kbps. z286 PC as gateway! to connect the whole ITB campus. zSoftware NOS (running on DOS) as gateway.

Indonesia Topology Jan.1993 Amateur Packet Radio AX.25 at 1200bps PC Gateway 286! Starts from simple equipment We grow the community

ITB in 1995 zTelkom Leased Line at 14.4Kbps zRISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps. zITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router & Server. zFor the first time ITB sees Web in Internet. zITB learns to build a campus network (how to handle the lightning).

Typical ITB Campus Net

ITB Today.... zT1 Satelite link to Japan. z2Mbps link to Indonesia IX. zVSAT TDMA & SCPC to various universities. z4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung. z128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya & Malang. zWaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).

ITB Network Operation Center

Connection to IIX via RadNet 7 Universities via VSAT TDMA SCPC Connect 3 Universities Connect to 6 Universities 5 Universities / Research Inst > 10 educational institutions

NAIST, Nara, Japan AI3 Hub JCSat-3 is used as the main Satellite link AI3 is currently connecting Japan, Thailand, Hongkong & Indonesia Work is underway to link Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipine, Vietnam, China, Cambodia Indonesia has 2 major links 1.5 Mbps to Nara (JCSat-3) 19.2 Kbps to TP, Singapore Additional 30 Mbps Link as part of Asia Multimedia Forum supported by NTT is on negotiation processes

Asia Internet Interconnection Initiatives (AI3) zHomepage: yhttp:// zContact Persons: yProf. Suguru Yamaguchi yProf. Jun Murray zMajor mailing lists:

A huge challenge to network 1300 universities & high schools Palapa C1 is used as one of the main satellite link

Key to Success Human Resource Development! Self-financing! Community-base development. The more people the lower the cost Involving students in the process! Gives incentives for education!

Philosophy behind the action

Indonesian Work Force by Education 82 Million Total Work Force

Vision..

Transform the Indonesian People into Knowledge Based Society Several IT Applications Will Be Used To Initiate The Transformation A National Information Infrastructure is the Vehicle Mass of Qualified Human Resource is a must

Make Others Knowledgeable They will then build the economy To do so …. collaborate with global society

1.5 Mbps via AI3 (WIDE, Japan) 19.2 Kbps via TP, Singapore 2 Mbps to Indonesia Internet Exchange 20+ Educational Institutions via VSAT, WaveLAN etc. To reach the economics sectors

> 20 Mbps No Government Subsidy No Government Incentive Self-finance Self-manage

Results in Physical Layer zHomebrew 2Mbps CDMA. zVSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network. zLow Cost Access for Schools. zInternet Access for Amateur Radio

VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC zVSAT TDMA 128Kbps Outbound zVSAT TDMA 64Kbps Inbound zVSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet application (especially Web). zTune TDM for 40 byte (originally 256byte packet). zMigrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.

Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA zUses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card 915MHz 250mW. zRun on FreeBSD. zHomebrew antenna (cost ~US$150). zMax. distance 15km (use PA for more). zMost of our high speed MAN using this technology.

Consequences CDMA 2Mbps zbypassing local line. zWe promote different alternative for building high speed network.

Homebrew Kbps packet radio zWe are prototyping Kbps packet radio network in the lab by zAX.25 link layer protocol is used. zGMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used. zWe drive the modem via parallel port. zMMIC Minicircuit is being build for transverter.

Low Cost Access for Schools zAX bps Packet Radio Network. zProxy Server. zDial on Demand for Web & Interactive Internet Access.

IntraNet for High Schools 24 hours Packet Radio Proxy & Dial-on-Demand for Web on Demand

Soundblaster Modem zPC running Linux zSoftware Modem Packet Radio for Soundblaster zConnect SB-10 to Radio zSpeed bps.

Amateur Radio Network Jakarta Bandung Malang

AMPR.ORG NET ITB GATEWAY ELEKTRINDO NUSANTARA UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG YB2SV (JOS SOEJOSO) SALATIGA

Mobile Computing

Results in Network Layer zNetwork Monitoring by zMonitor at yNetwork Map ySample of traffic by protocol, port, etc. yGraph of total traffic.

Traffic Distribution Grapher Describes: zComparison between Inbound and Outbound Traffic zTraffic Distribution by Protocols zThe Most Active Routers/Hosts by Protocols zDaily Usage Trend for some Protocols  Weekly Protocol Usage Trend

TDG Protokol HostIn vs Out Trend URL:

Benefits: zBehaviour of the users in ITB (AI3): ySubjects of interest ySites to be visited yThe rush hours yMost actives computer/host zPlanning the traffic routing, firewalling, etc.

Network Monitoring “Scotty & Map Generator”

Scotty monitor Connectivity monitoring Interface utility monitoring

Scotty monitor Web screen

Text Map Timeout alarm to Administrator

Web screen Interface Utility Report

Results: zReconfiguration of VSAT TDMA interface speed for better performance. zMonitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link performance. yTo Lembong: % yTo Surabaya: % yTo Malang: %

System Platform: zPentium 100 z16 MB RAM z2,1 GB Hard disk zOperating System: FreeBSD zMain Software: Scotty/Tkined (FreeWare) and TCPDUMP. zUnder Xfree86 Windows

Results in Application Layer zMailing Lists zEnglish Technical Writting Course distance learning test bed. zCache & Cache Monitoring. zMPEG-3 Test Bed. zRealPublisher & NetShow test bed.

Cache zITB has set several Parents cache. zCache person is zWe cache all of our Web traffic. zcheck out

HTTP-Cache: What zUse of Proxy Server zPreviously fetched WWW objects are stored in Proxy Server zProxy Server gives cached WWW object instead of fetches it from WWW server zUse of non-persistent caching

HTTP-Cache: Why zWeb is the most popular application on The Net zWeb traffic in byte is about 40% zWAN link get congested zMost WWW objects are static

HTTP-Cache: Facts zHTTP-Cache reduces WAN traffic zMore Effective than Server mirror

Cache Hierarchy zCache-Server mesh zCollaborates using “parent-sibling” relationship zSibling: fetches WWW-object only if it is found in local cache zParent: always fetches requested WWW- object

Cache Hierarchy at ITB Network

Cache Usage Monitoring zLog files zDaily statistics zWeb-based report

Cache stats: ns1.itb.ac.id

Cache stats: ns2.itb.ac.id

Results zOver 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a normal work-day zOver 400Mbytes transferred data at a weekend-day zReduces upto 19% in HTTP traffic

Mailing Lists zUses majordomo on FreeBSD zRun on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb RAM. zMore than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more than 75% Indonesian mailing lists). zMore than subscribers. zWe are trying to build the community in Indonesia.

Distance Learning zITB’s Server:

Video Conference z25 October 1997: 14:00 Indonesia Time. zThree Cities: Bandung-Surabaya-Malang zCU-SeeMe & Its Reflector. zAiming for high school network in Indonesia. zJuly 1997: Panel Discussion on the future of higher education (UNU).

Video on Demand zSupported by Microsoft & Progressive Network. zSplitter for UNFCC COP3 December zPublisher for “ITB’s Alumny Congress” December 1997.

Summary zITB has managed to integrate 20+ educational institutions to Internet. zMajor IT used: y2Mbps CDMA Network. yWeb based distance learning. yReal Publisher / Microsoft NetShow. zKey to success: Mass Qualified Human Resource

References zhttp://ai3.itb.ac.id/ zhttp://xxx.itb.ac.id/~yc1dav/ zhttp://xxx.itb.ac.id/~cnrg/ zhttp://xxx.itb.ac.id/~adnan/ zhttp://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/ zhttp://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/ zhttp://netmon.itb.ac.id/ zhttp://nic.itb.ac.id/