Chapter 10

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe Published in 1852 Sold millions of copies Simon Legree he was from the north and moved to the south, he was the evil slave holder Slavery will be the downfall of the U.S.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin The book is all lies Northern industrialists were worse then slaveholders Many of the first leaders owned slaves

Differences between the North and the South 2 times as many people lived in the north compared to the south Technology had a bigger impact in the north then in the south (railroad by 1850’s 20,000 miles of track with 70% in the north) Telegraph will go up along the railroad track

The Mexican War and slavery extension In 1836 Texas asked to become part of the US Most southerns supported this (democrats) Northerners opposed it (whigs) Both the north and the south did not want war with Mexico In 1843 Santa Anna said that it would be a declaration of war to add Texas In 1845 Texas will become a state )Polk is president)

War with Mexico The U. S. said the Rio Grande was the border Mexico said the Nueces river was the border Polk will send Slidell to Mexico to offer to buy New Mexico and California for 30 million dollars (Mexico will not receive him) Polk will send 3,000 American troops and they will cross the Nueces Z. Taylor will lead the Americans

War with Mexico In 1846 Americans will be killed Polk will go to congress and they will declare war on Mexico Americans in northern California will revolt “bear flag revolt” Taylor will take the war to Mexico Taylor and Santa Anna will meet at the battle of Buena Vista in Feb of 1847

War with Mexico Battle of Buena vista 20,000 mexican troops Both sides will have heavy losses Sep 14 the America will attack Mexico city

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico gave up claim to Texas and the Rio Grande was the southern border of Texas The US will get New Mexico and California The US paid Mexico 15 million dollars US paid claims of 3 million (Gadsden Purchase southern new Mexico and Arizona)

New Political parties Missouri compromise (36 30 all states north would be free ) All land gained from Guadalupe Hidalgo fell south of this line Election of 1848 both parties avoided the slave question Democrats Lewis Case gov MIch Whigs send Zachary Taylor war hero Free soil party Taylor will win the election

The compromise of 1850 In 1850 California wants to become a free state Henry Clay 1. California would enter as a free state 2. people from the territories of new Mexico and Utah would vote to be slave or free Abolish the sale of slaves in DC Texas would give up parts of new Mexico for 10 million Fugitive slave act will be passed

The compromise of 1850 John C. Calhoun from S. Carolina comes out against the compromise The north controlled the government and the south had no way to protect itself and that they should leave the union The south felt the government was trying to take property from them by limiting slaves

The compromise of 1850 Taylor was against the compromise but he died. Millard Fillmore will take over he passed the compromise of 1850 Election of 1852 Franklin Pierce win he was a democrat Whigs will fall apart Slavery issue All the major whigs are on the way out

Election of 1852 Nativism native born Americans Know nothing party “ American party” Against immigrants

The Kansas –Nebraska Act Stephen Douglas Allowed the territory of Kansas and Nebraska to vote for slaves or against it repeals the Missouri compromise

The system fails Anti -Slavery groups set up Emigrant - Aid societies in Kansas to fight slavery john Brown was a strong anti slavery supporter he will kill 5 pro slavery men “bleeding Kansas”

Election of 1856 Dem James Buchanan (slavery) Republicans John Fremont (anti-Slavery) American party Fillmore (president) Buchanan

Dred Scott Decision Dred Scott v Sandford Scott said that he should be free because his wife lived in a free state supreme court voted 7-2 against Scott slaves are property Missouri compromise becomes unconstitutional congress could not ban slavery anywhere

Lincoln- Douglas debates

Election of 1860 Democratic party will split north Stephen Douglas south John Breckinridge constitutional union party “border states” John Bell Republicans send Lincoln Lincoln will win without a single electoral vote from the south

The lower south will seceded S. Carolina, will be the first 6 others will follow Confederate states of America Jefferson Davis will be elected president

The war starts Buchanan said he felt the secession was illegal but he was not going to use force to prevent it Lincoln will take office and say that he will not allow this to happen troops at Fort Sumter needed supplies as the ship came in the south fired on it this started the war Lincoln will ask for volunteers to fight the south/ this was cause the upper south to secede