00002-E-1 – 1 December 2001 THE HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC Focus on Africa By Dr. David Elkins HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Project Nairobi, Kenya September 2002

00002-E-2 – 1 December 2001 Global summary of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, December 2001 Number of people living with HIV/AIDS Total40 million Adults37.2 million Women17.6 million Children under 15 years2.7 million People newly infected with HIV in 2001 Total5 million Adults4.3 million Women1.8 million Children under 15 years AIDS deaths in 2001 Total3 million Adults2.4 million Women1.1 million Children under 15 years

00002-E-3 – 1 December 2001 Regional HIV/AIDS statistics and features, end of 2001 Sub-Saharan Africa North Africa & Middle East South and South-East Asia East Asia & Pacific Latin America Caribbean Eastern Europe & Central Asia Western Europe North America Australia & New Zealand TOTAL late ’70s early ’80s late ’80s late ’70s early ’80s late ’70s early ’80s early ’90s late ’70s early ’80s late ’70s early ’80s late ’70s early ’80s 28.1 million million 1 million 1.4 million million million 8.4% 0.2% 0.6% 0.1% 0.5% 2.2% 0.5% 0.3% 0.6% 0.1% 1.2% 55% 40% 35% 20% 30% 50% 20% 25% 20% 10% 48% Hetero Hetero, IDU IDU, Hetero, MSM MSM, IDU, Hetero Hetero, MSM IDU MSM, IDU MSM, IDU, Hetero MSM Epidemic started Adults & children living with HIV/AIDS Adult prevalence rate * % of HIV- positive adults who are women Main mode(s) of transmission for those living with HIV/AIDS ** * The proportion of adults (15 to 49 years of age) living with HIV/AIDS in 2001, using 2001 population numbers ** Hetero: heterosexual transmission – IDU: transmission through injecting drug use – MSM: sexual transmission among men who have sex with men Adults & children newly infected with HIV 3.4 million million

00002-E-4 – 1 December 2001 Global estimates for adults and children end 2001 l People living with HIV/AIDS l New HIV infections in 2001 l Deaths due to HIV/AIDS in million 5 million 3 million

00002-E-5 – 1 December 2001 Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2001 Western Europe North Africa & Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa 28.1 million Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1 million South & South-East Asia 6.1 million Australia & New Zealand North America Caribbean Latin America 1.4 million Total: 40 million East Asia & Pacific 1 million

00002-E-6 – 1 December 2001 Estimated number of adults and children newly infected with HIV during 2001 Western Europe North Africa & Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa 3.4 million Eastern Europe & Central Asia East Asia & Pacific South & South-East Asia Australia & New Zealand500 North America Caribbean Latin America Total: 5 million

00002-E-7 – 1 December 2001 Estimated adult and child deaths from HIV/AIDS during 2001 Western Europe North Africa & Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa 2.3 million Eastern Europe & Central Asia East Asia & Pacific South & South-East Asia Australia & New Zealand120 North America Caribbean Latin America Total: 3 million

00002-E-8 – 1 December 2001 Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2001 Western Europe North Africa & Middle East sub-Saharan Africa 2.4 million Eastern Europe & Central Asia East Asia & Pacific South & South-East Asia Australia & New Zealand < 200 North America Caribbean Latin America Total: 2.7 million

00002-E-9 – 1 December 2001 Estimated deaths in children (<15 years) from HIV/AIDS during 2001 Western Europe < 100 North Africa & Middle East sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Europe & Central Asia < 100 East Asia & Pacific South & South-East Asia Australia & New Zealand < 100 North America < 100 Caribbean Latin America Total:

00002-E-10 – 1 December 2001 Estimated number of children (<15 years) newly infected with HIV during 2001 Western Europe < 500 North Africa & Middle East sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Europe & Central Asia East Asia & Pacific South & South-East Asia Australia & New Zealand < 100 North America < 500 Caribbean Latin America Total:

00002-E-11 – 1 December 2001 About new HIV infections a day in 2001 l More than 95% are in developing countries l 2000 are in children under 15 years of age l About are in persons aged 15 to 49 years, of whom: — almost 50% are women — about 50% are 15–24 year olds

00002-E-12 – 1 December 2001 l Children living with HIV/AIDS l New HIV infections in 2001 l Deaths due to HIV/AIDS in 2001 End-2001 global HIV/AIDS estimates Children (<15 years) 2.7 million

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00002-E-14 – 1 December 2001 Leading causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa 1. HIV/AIDS 20.6% 2. Acute Lower Resp. Inf’ct 10.3% 3. Malaria 9.1% 4. Diarrhoeal diseases 7.3% 5. Perinatal disease 5.9% 6. Measles 4.9% 7. Tuberculosis 3.4%

00002-E-15 – 1 December 2001 The Challenge of HIV/AIDS - Adult Prevalence in Kenya

00002-E-16 – 1 December 2001 Profile of HIV/AIDS in Kenya 2.2 million Kenyans are now living with HIV infection. Out of every eight adults in rural Kenya, one is infected. In urban areas, nearly one out of every five adults is infected. About 200,000 have AIDS, the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Of the remaining 2 million, most do not know they are infected.

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