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KENNEDY FAMILYOBAMA FAMILY
Democratic Nominee = John F. Kennedy Republican Nominee = Richard M. Nixon Similar positions on policies Two things give Kennedy the edge Television Appearance aka “Kennedy Style” Civil Rights Sympathy
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September 26, Million Viewers Nixon did not want to debate on TV Kennedy refused any debates unless they were televised Nixon eventually agreed, hoped it would expose Kennedy’s lack of experience
Kennedy had been coached on how to “act” Nixon felt it was not important to look good Nixon felt “substance was more important than style” Image had replaced the written word
Kennedy reacted differently to the arrest of Martin Luther King Jr. than Nixon By doing this, he secured the votes of minority groups These votes helped him win the 1960 Election
Kennedy won by a narrow margin (Fewer than 119,000 votes) Kennedy’s Inaugural Address “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” Set the tone for his presidency
Kennedy surrounded himself with highly skilled and intelligent cabinet members Appointed his brother, Robert Kennedy, to Attorney General Gave the public the sense of solid leadership
Fidel Castro Promised Democracy Toppled dictator Fulgencio Batista US recognized the new government Castro began to show signs of suspicious behavior
Castro seized three American and British oil refineries Broke up commercial farms American Sugar US put trade barriers on Cuban sugar About 10% of Cubans fled to Florida and set up a counterrevolutionary movement
Eisenhower had cut off diplomatic relations with Cuba Fidel Castro Openly declared himself a communist and welcomed aid from the Soviets
Eisenhower trained Cuban exiles to invade Cuban, cause an uprising and overthrow Castro
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Kennedy had doubts, but allowed the invasion An air strike failed to knock out the Air Force CIA reported that it had succeeded Advance group never made it to shore to distract Castro’s forces Troops faced 25,000 Cuban troops backed by Soviet tanks and jets
Huge Failure – Kennedy Embarrassed Kennedy accepted blame for it Paid Castro $53 million in food and medical supplies for the release of the surviving commandos
Cuba was receiving nuclear missiles from Soviets (Nikita Khruschev) American photographs revealed that the missiles were ready for launch Could reach U.S. cities in minutes Kennedy would not tolerate nuclear weapons in Cuba
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Kennedy warned that any attack from Cuba would result in an all out attack on the Soviet Union A six day standoff ensued Russia finally removed the missiles from Cuba and we removed missiles from Turkey
Berlin Wall A concrete wall topped with Barbed wire that severed the city in two Ended the Berlin Crisis Americans would not back down Did not want to give up West Berlin to Communist rule
“Hot Line” installed for direct communication Limited Test Ban Treaty – Prevented nuclear weapons from being detonated in the atmosphere