ADVANCED WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER

INTRODUCTION Our advanced water level controller is designed to automatic control of motor, which ensures constant reserve of water in storage tanks. Automatic water level controller is used to automatically fill the overhead tank as and when it gets empty and monitor the water level in it

Automatic water level controller switches ON the motor when the water level in the overhead tank drops below pre fixed low level(on point) and puts off the motor when water level rises up to pre fixed high level (off point) motor also switches off when the sump water is exhausted before filling overhead tank, pump running dry, Mains voltage fluctuations.

driver driver 8051 Water pump Dry Sensor Level sensor buzzer 16*2 LCD

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

HOW TO WORK Power supply:- The power supply section consists of step down transformers of 230V primary to 12V secondary voltages for the +5V power supplies respectively. The stepped down voltage is then rectified by 4 1N4007 diodes.

The high value of capacitor 1000 µF charges at a slow rate as the time constant is low, and once the capacitor charges there is no resistor for capacitor to discharge. This gives a constant value of DC. IC 7805 is used for regulated supply of +5 volts in order to prevent the circuit ahead from any fluctuations. The filter capacitors connected after this IC filters the high frequency spikes. These capacitors are connected in parallel with supply and common so that spikes filter to the common. These give stability to the power supply circuit.

  Dry and water sensor: This sensor is based on the fact that water is not pure water which is non conductor, but it is impure which is slightly conductor. Water sensor is nothing but a series of very close PCB tracks. In normal mode these tracks are not conducting, but when some water fall on these tracks these line slightly start conducting and some positive voltage is available at the base of transistor So NPN transistor is on and NPN transistor provide a negative voltage as a pulse to the microcontroller

Level sensors In Advance water level controller , conductive level sensors are used . Conductive level sensors use a low-voltage, current-limited power source applied across separate electrodes. The power supply is matched to the conductivity of the liquid, with higher voltage versions designed to operate in less conductive (higher resistance) mediums. The power source frequently incorporates some aspect of control, such as high-low or alternating motor control. A conductive liquid contacting both the longest probe (common) and a shorter probe (return) completes a conductive circuit. Conductive sensors are extremely safe because they use low voltages and currents. Since the current and voltage used is inherently small, for personal safty reasons.

DISPLAY SECTION The display section consists of 16*2 LCD, which used to display Summary of IC being Inserted and result of test being conducted. LCDs can add a lot to your application in terms of providing an useful interface for the user, debugging an application or just giving it a "professional" look. The most common type of LCD controller is the Hitatchi 44780 which provides a relatively simple interface between a processor and an LCD.

Buzzer: The buzzer is equivalent to Oscillator+Speaker=buzzer number of switches or sensors connected to a control unit that determines if and which button was pushed or a preset time has lapsed, and usually illuminates a light on the appropriate button or control panel, and sounds a warning in the form of a continuous or intermittent buzzing or beeping sound. Initially this device was based on an electromechanical system which was identical to an electric bell without the metal gong (which makes the ringing noise). Often these units were anchored to a wall or ceiling and used the ceiling or wall as a sounding board. Another implementation with some AC-connected devices was to implement a circuit to make the AC current into a noise loud enough to drive a loudspeaker and hook this circuit up to a cheap 8-ohm speaker

RELAY a DC current passing through which produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field attracts an armature, which in turn operates the contacts. Normally energisation either electrically or magnetically. The contacts can be released to the normal position electrically or mechanically

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