Environmental Health and Toxicology Introductory Lecture

Some Terms: Health- a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Disease- a negative change in the body’s condition, usually in response to an environmental condition (nutritional, chemical, biological, psychological)

There is a distinction Morbidity-illnessMortality-death

By the numbers Step one: You have 3 lists created by the World Health Organization or WHO. With your elbow partner, decide which list would most likely detail the causes of death for low- income, middle income and then high income countries. HOW did you decide?

By the numbers Think about the following age groupings (0- 14, and 70 and older). For each country, which age group would make up the largest percentage of deaths? Step two: from these 3 list come up with a World wide top 10 list.

World Death 1.Ischemic heart disease 2.Stroke and other cerebrovascular disease 3.Lower respiratory infections 4.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 5.Diarrheal diseases 6.HIV/AIDS 7.Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers 8. Tuberculosis 9.Diabetes mellitus 10. Road traffic accidents

DALY- Disability-Adjusted Life Year Determined by combining premature deaths and loss of a health life resulting from illness or disability Relates disability/ morbidity to an individuals quality of life

DALY One DALY represents the loss of the equivalent of one year of full health. The DALY allows us to compare the burden of diseases that cause premature death but little disability to diseases that do not cause death but do cause disability (AIDS vs Cataracts)

There is a connection Emergent Disease A disease never seen before OR one that has been absent for at least 20 years Environmental Change New vector Climatic change PRIZE for the first person who s me What are Worms? AND- At one time there was a worldwide campaign to eradicate this parasite by The year Was the health community successful?