Properties & Changes in Matter NGSS Unit 5: Chemical Reactions

Physical Property A characteristic that you can observe without changing or trying to change the composition of the substance. How something looks, smells, sounds, or tastes are all examples of physical properties. You can detect many physical properties with your senses.

Types of Physical Properties Mass Weight Density Solubility Melting Point Boiling Point Magnetism

Mass Mass is a measurement of how much matter an object contains.

Weight Weight is a measurement of force. Weight depends on the mass of the object and on gravity. No matter where you are in the universe your mass never changes, but your weight can.

Density Density measures the amount of mass in a given volume. Density = mass/volume D=m/v

Solubility Solubility is the ability of one substance to dissolve into another substance.

Melting Point The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid is called its melting point.

Boiling Point The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas is called its boiling point.

Magnetism Magnetism is a physical property.

Chemical Properties A chemical property is a characteristic that cannot be observed without altering the substance. Examples of Chemical Properties: Flammability, rusting, reacting with substances like acids

Physical Changes State Changes: Vaporization is the process by which matter changes from a liquid state to a gas. Condensation is the process where a gas changes into a liquid.

Physical Changes State Changes: Sublimation is the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas. Deposition is the process in which a gas changes into a solid.

Chemical Changes Chemical changes occur when substances are changed into different substances. The substances produced during a chemical change cannot be changed back into the original substances by physical means

Signs of Chemical Change Color change of the object Release or gain of energy Change in odor of object Production of bubbles Formation of a solid

Chemical vs. Physical Change During a physical change the composition of the substance does not change, but during a chemical change the composition of the substance does change.

Chemical and Physical Changes Game Chemical and Physical Changes Game

DEMO: Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ) 1. List the materials used. 2. Draw a picture illustrating what you occurred during this reaction. 3. What type of change took place? Support your answer with scientific evidence of how you know that type of change took place.