Chapter 5d

 Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to:  Explain the need for IPv6 addressing.  Describe the representation of an IPv6 address.  Describe types of IPv6 network addresses.  Configure global unicast addresses.  Describe multicast addresses.

5.6.1

 How to conserve the IP’s?  Tried NAT  Private IP addresses inside network  One or few public IP addresses  Tried CIDR  Classless inter-domain routing  Subnetting a subnetted address further  Came up with IPv6

5.6.1

 128 bits  8 sets (hextets) of four hex digits  Ridiculous amounts of addresses  Every device can have unique address  Eliminates IP conservation  Written in hex separated by :  FE22:00FF:002D:0000:0000:0000:3012:CCE3

 Rule 1: omit leading zeros  Remove zeros before other hex digits  00FF can be FF  0000 can be 0  What can this be reduced down to?  FE22:00FF:002D:0000:0000:0000:3012:CCE3

 Rule 2: omit all zero hextets  Use :: for multiple zero-value fields  FE22:00FF:002D:0000:0000:0000:3012:CCE3  FE22:FF:2D::3012:CCE3  Can only do this once within address  Can’t tell how many fields it represents  2001:0:0:34D0:0:0:9F77:2854 CAN NOT be…  2001::34D0::9F77:2854  More examples next slide 

 Incorrect address:  2001:0DB8::ABCD::1234  What could it be???  2001:0DB8::ABCD:0000:0000:1234  2001:0DB8::ABCD:0000:0000:0000:1234  2001:0DB8:0000:ABCD::1234  2001:0DB8:0000:0000:ABCD::1234

 Practicing IPv6 Representations  Compress addresses into short form  Handout  Reduce the IPv6 addresses to short form IPv6 Overview WATCH ON YOUR OWN

 What are 2 ways to shorten up an IPv6 address?  Omit all zero groups  Omit leading zeros  How many bits in an IPv6 address?  128 bits  An IPv6 address is shown in what?  Hex  A hextet is how many bits?  16 bits  Each hextet is separated by what?  Colon :

5.6.1

 Prefix= Network ID  Interface ID= Host ID ISP SITE SUB NET

 Network ID is called prefix  Represented at end by a slash  805B:2D9D:DC28:0000:0000:FC57:D4C8:1FFF/48  805B:2D9D:DC28::FC57:D4C8:1FFF/48 (SHORTENED)  805B:2D9D:DC28:0:0:0:0:0/48 is Network ID 805B:2D9D:DC28::/48 1 st 48 bits

 IPv6 has:  Network ID (Prefix)  Subnet ID Identifies the subnetwork in your own network  Interface ID Your MAC address Like the host portion of IPv4 address

5.6.1

 Unicast  One to one  Multicast  One to a group  Anycast  DON’T WORRY ABOUT IT!  There are NO MORE BROADCASTS!

 Represents a single interface  Example: address assigned to your NIC  Types of unicast addresses:  Global unicast- like a reg. IPv4 public address  Link-local- stays within LAN; not routable  Loopback- tests your NIC/if IP is working; ::1  Unique local- like NAT, unroutable

Global Unicast Address Link-local Address

 Public address  Similar to a public IPv4 address  Begins with 2000::  2001:: reserved for examples

 Every NIC MUST have one  Begin with FE80::/10 (FE8, FE9, FEA, FEB)  For communicating within the LAN only  Unroutable  Auto-configured  Combo of FE80 and the MAC address  Also used between routers to exchange routing tables & as next-hop IP addresses

 Tests TCP/IP on your NIC  ::1

  Drag the IPv6 address type to its description.

 Name 3 common types of IPv6 unicast addresses.  Global, link local, loopback  What are the 3 parts of an IPv6 address?  Prefix, subnet ID, interface ID  Which part identifies the network & will be the same on every device in your network?  Prefix  Which part is identifiable in your network?  Subnet ID  Which part is the MAC address of your device?  Interface ID

5.6

 Dual stack  Runs both IPv4 & IPv6 at same time  Tunneling  Sending an IPv6 packet over IPv4 network  Translation  NAT64  Translates the packets from IPv4 to v6 & back

 Static  Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)  DHCPv6

 Can assign IP address by itself (without DHCP server) based on info from router  IPv6 router sends RA (router advertisements)  As a multicast, every 200 seconds  Or a PC can send a RS (router solicitation) asking for address  These are ICMPv6 messages

 TestOut 5.6.9: Configure an IP Address  Complete this lab  TestOut : Practice Questions

 What is the term for running both IPv4 & IPv6 at the same time on your network?  Dual stack  What allows IPv6 packets to be sent over an IPv4 network, between routers?  Tunneling  What process allows a host to automatically get an IPv6 address from the router?  SLAAC  What address is created automatically for inside the network communication?  Link local address

 The link local (inside only) address begins with what?  FE80  The global unicast address will begin with what?  2000::  A host getting an address from a router using SLAAC sends and receives what?  RA and RS  What would the shortened version of this IPv6 address be? 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0042:8329  2001:db8::ff00:42:8329

 One to a group  Begin with FF00-FF02  Sent to all nodes on local-link  Like an IPv4 broadcast  Two kinds:  Assigned RS/RA messages To predefined groups, like for DHCP All nodes & all routers groups  Solicited node Sent to devices that match the last 24 bits of address For ARP requests!

 What kind of message is NOT used in IPv6 but used in IPv4?  Broadcasts  A multicast IPv6 message is sent to all hosts in a network. What will the address begin with?  FF00-FF02

8.3

 For both IPv4 & v6  Echo request/reply  Destination or host unreachable  Time exceeded (TTL) IPv6 uses hop limit When reaches 0, you get time exceeded message Is H2 reachable? Yes, I’m here!

 An ICMP ping is the same on IPv4 & IPv6 networks. What 3 things does it test/tell you?  RTT (time it takes to get there and back), if it’s reachable, and route redistribution (better route within network to take)  What kind of test is an echo request/reply?  Ping  How would you test if TCP/IP is working on your NIC?  Ping ::1

 Complete the study guide handout  Take the quiz on netacad.com  Jeopardy review

In this chapter, you learned:  There are three types of IPv6 addresses: unicast, multicast, and anycast.  An IPv6 link-local address enables a device to communicate with other IPv6-enabled devices on the same link and only on that link (subnet). Packets with a source or destination link-local address cannot be routed beyond the link from where the packet originated. IPv6 link-local addresses are in the FE80::/10 range.  ICMP is available for both IPv4 and IPv6.

Chapter 5d