You may work in pairs, with one person acting as a researcher and one person acting as a recorder. All of the answers can be found either in the PowerPoint itself or on the websites provided.

 Rational human thought emerged for the first time in the Western world around the 6 th century B.C. in the Mediterranean.  Athens, Greece is known as the first world center of philosophy.  You will be able to answer questions 3- 9 using the following website:

 The Pre-Socratic Philosophers  The Sophists According to Protagoras (c.485-c.411 B.C.), "Man is the measure of all things." Everything is relative and there are no values because man, individual man, is the measure of all things. Nothing is good or bad since everything depends on the individual.  Socrates – for questions Socrates  Plato – for questions Plato  Aristotle – for questions Aristotle

 Copernicus – for questions Copernicus  Newton – for questions Newton  Machiavelli – for questions Machiavelli  Francis Bacon – for questions Francis Bacon  Hobbes – for questions Hobbes

 Epistemology – for questions Epistemology  Logic Logic is the study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning. Today the subject of logic has two broad divisions: mathematical logic and philosophical logic.  Metaphysics Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of reality, such as existence, time, the relationship between mind and body, objects and their properties, wholes and their parts, events, processes, and causation. Traditional branches include cosmology and ontology.

 Moral Philosophy Ethics or "moral philosophy", is concerned primarily with the question of the best way to live, and secondarily, concerning the question of whether this question can be answered. The main branches of ethics are meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. Meta-ethics concerns the nature of ethical thought, such as the origins of the words good and bad, and origins of other comparative words of various ethical systems, whether there are absolute ethical truths, and how such truths could be known. Normative ethics are more concerned with the questions of how one ought to act, and what the right course of action is. This is where most ethical theories are generated. Lastly, applied ethics go beyond theory and step into real world ethical practice, such as questions of whether or not abortion is correct. Ethics is also associated with the idea of morality, and the two are often interchangeable.

 Political Philosophy Political philosophy is the study of government and the relationship of individuals (or families and clans) to communities including the state. It includes questions about justice, law, property, and the rights and obligations of the citizen. Politics and ethics are traditionally inter-linked subjects, as both discuss the question of what is good and how people should live  Aesthetics – for questions Aesthetics

 Please choose two of the following philosophers to complete questions Descartes Locke Voltaire Rousseau Marx Nietzsche