Harmful Sexual Behaviour Sarah Wright – Head of Service, Safeguarding, Corporate Parenting and Learning Lisa Aldridge – Service Manager Safeguarding Reviewing Service

Why the additional focus on Harmful Sexual Behaviour? Harmful Sexual Behaviour (HSB) within peer to peer child sexual exploitation Review of serious incidents of youth violence – Jan/Feb 2015 Number of allegations of HSB NFA’ed Need for targeted interventions outside of the criminal justice system

Defining Harmful Sexual Behaviour An overview of the behaviour being discussed A continuum of children and young people’s sexual behaviours (Hackett, 2010)

Firmin’s Contextual Circles of Safeguarding Did the behaviour occur in public spaces? Has the young person been exposed to street-based crime and violence?   Neighbourhood School Peer Group Home Child Did the behaviour occur in school? What is the impact of the incident on the school culture/environment? How have the school responded?   Was the behaviour displayed by a group? Is the young person socially isolated? Do the young person’s peers support or challenge their behaviour? Does the young person follow or lead peer behaviours? Has the young person been exposed to street-based crime and violence?   Are there current or historic issues in the home or family environment that are informing the young person’s behaviour i.e. exposure to DV? Do the parents/carers have the capacity to control/safeguard their young person? If not what is undermining this capacity?  

Key principles HSB is primarily a safeguarding concern – an enforcement response is sometimes but not always necessary HSB cannot be understood in isolation - choices, attitudes and behaviours displayed by young people are informed by a range of social systems Intervention plans should address both behaviours/attitudes and contextual factors Professionals have a role to play in establishing the social conditions in which young people can engage in safe and healthy relationships Msunderstood: A Framework for developing MAP/Strategy meetings for young people who display harmful sexual behaviours

The journey so far MsUnderstood Programme – 6 North London boroughs CYPS internal working group HSB multi-agency workshop, May 2015 HSB MAP meetings Multi-agency working group Data/mapping – knowing the cohort Strategy and Action Plan

CSE risk resulting from peer-on-peer abuse Knowing our profile Sexual offences/exploitation against one or more victim, usually in a group context Offending at the home address of one member of the group - often properties where parents struggle to maintain appropriate boundaries Pre/post offence influences and pressure exerted in other environments (at school or via social media) Filming of the offence to ‘name and shame’ Of the Hackney children and young people currently known to be at risk of CSE around 50% have experienced CSE through peer abuse CSE risk resulting from peer-on-peer abuse

Individual young people presenting with Harmful Sexual Behaviour Knowing our profile Sexual offences, usually against one victim by a single person Some suggestion that the relationship between victim and perpetrator is established through a school setting Social media utilised in a grooming approach, rather than to ‘name and shame’ In a number of cases young people presenting with Harmful Sexual Behaviour in this profile have a history of sexual abuse (as a victim) at a younger age Individual young people presenting with Harmful Sexual Behaviour

Additional emerging themes Knowing our profile Females referred through the HSB MAP process - suggestive of a female ‘grooming’ role, usually undertaken by individuals who have been victims themselves Gang links were evidenced in approximately 20% of cases at the point that HSB was first identified as a risk Exposure to domestic violence in early childhood Harmful Sexual Behaviour is normalised in some peer groups Additional emerging themes

Prevention and Early Intervention Group and individual work, some group work with specific cohorts - Young Hackney/ Empower/ Safer London Sexual health and PHSE programmes address Harmful Sexual Behaviour Multi-agency training on Harmful Sexual Behaviour Targeted youth work

Strong Leadership Multi-agency working group CHSCB CSE and Missing Working Group/ Safer Young Hackney Leads identified in each agency Leadership at every level

Protection, support, disruption and prosecution HSB MAP meetings: 22 HSB MAP meetings held 21 males and 1 female Age: 11 – 17 (65% 15 – 17 years of age) Two-thirds of HSB MAP meetings relate to group/ peer on peer HSB; one third relates to individuals displaying HSB Young Hackney – individual one-to-one work Safer London pilot – one-to-one work with young men Police investigations and prosecutions where appropriate Clinical interventions

Problem Sexual Behaviour Care Pathway Risk Management Plan and Support Clinical Assessment Initial Consultation Initial Risk Assessment and Plan (Multi-agency) Ongoing Process of Management and Review Clinical Interventions Clinical / CAMHS Assessment Leading to further Specialist Assessment as required: - Brief screening for sexually harmful behaviour (ERASOR) - AIM2 Assessment - AIM2 Assessment Clinic (Psychiatry - led) * - Sexual Behaviour Screening (CSBI) † - Assessment of developmental needs e.g. Learning Disability/ Difficulties, Attention or Impulse difficulties, Autistic Spectrum Condition - Assessment of specific emotional/behavioural and mental health difficulties - Assessment of impact of sexual abuse Summary and Action Plan Review Overarching goal to increase protective factors and decrease risk factors - Ongoing consultation for low risk cases - Formulation based (individually tailored) e.g. Family therapy, Trauma focussed therapy †, Cognitive Behavioural Approaches † - Good Lives Model (GMAP) based on AIM2 - External referral e.g. MST-PSB (Brandon Centre) - Further incidents incorporated into risk assessment and plan - Review progress of Intervention - Re-evaluate Risk and Action Plan

Challenges Criminal investigations delay interventions Developing a wide range of interventions for work with young people Multi-agency identification, consistency and response Understanding effective interventions Engaging young people and families Challenging gender stereotypes, attitudes and behaviours

Next Steps Addressing the needs of ‘vulnerable adolescents’ more broadly Embedding a contextual approach to safeguarding across Hackney CYPS and the wider partnership Further interrogation of HSB data and the strengthening of our understanding of the profile of HSB in Hackney Multi-agency training on HSB to ensure professionals are able to recognise and respond to HSB with confidence Strengthening sex and relationship understanding Ensuring a range of interventions are available Ensure professionals have a shared understanding of how to refer concerns about HSB.

Joint Targeted Area Inspection Hackney Pilot December 2015 Key Messages

Key Process Issues Inspectors are focused on outcomes for children and less on process – the JTAI is a multi-agency inspection focused on the difference the local partnership is making to children’s lives Communication between agency inspection leads is key – a huge amount of coordination is needed to ensure a smooth inspection process The Joint Targeted Area Inspections are based on the Ofsted model of working – some aspects not familiar to other agencies (e.g. KIT meetings) The multi-agency audit process requires a huge amount of coordination and resource within very tight timescales All agencies need to be flexible and responsive – tight and clear lines of communication

Focus on CSE/Missing Understood the complexity of working with these issues More interested in outcomes and impact than process Interested to observe the ways that practitioners worked together Interested in how well agencies understood the local profile and responded to this Interested in the ways in which young people have been included in initiatives