The First Americans 9-1
I am gone! Run Forest Run!
Land Bridge Glaciers Beringia- land bridge
Hunting and Gathering Gathered nuts, fruits, or roots Hunted woolly mammoth, antelope, caribou, and bison Warmer weather changed this and animals went extinct!
Early Societies of Mesoamerica
Olmecs- AKA Teotihuacian- “Place of the Gods” Mesoamerica – central America 7000 BC agriculture Beans, chili peppers, avocados, squash 4000 BC maize & tomatoes 3000 BC villages Turkeys, Barkless Dogs No need for wheeled vehicles (no horses) Used rivers as highways
Olmec Cities Elaborate Ceremonial Centers Monumental Pyramids TemplesToombs PalacesDrainage Systems Veracruz San Lorenzo La Venta ( BC) Tres Zapotes ( BC)
Social Classes Rulers Priests Artisans & Craftsmen Farmers
Government Authoritarian Colossal Human Heads 10 ft. Tall, 20 tons 800,000 man-days of labor Military Force Obsidian Trade
Decline & Fall 400 BC Traditions Endured Maize Temple Pyramids Calendar Ball Games Human Sacrifice
Toltec Take over abandoned Mayan Cities Mayans build a huge empire on the Yucatan Peninsula No one is sure why they left Toltecs move in years later and start a monopoly on trade
Aztec- conquered the Toltecs Toltec People take over Mayan Area Conquer many lands Monopoly on Trade People could not make weapons Invaders from the north come- Aztecs By the 1500’s- they ruled nearly 5 million people
Moche Dry coastal desert- along the west coast of South America Plenty of food thanks to irragation Hunted llamas, guinea pigs, and fished Never expanded
Once the Capital “Remnants of monumental architecture in the Moche Valley, Peru. Once the capital of the Moche empire, the Huaca del Sol (Pyramid of the Sun) was built of more than a million adobe bricks, many bearing the markers of their makers or the patrons of these ancient brick masons.” Huaca del Sol
Llamas can fly! The size of a VW bug!
The Moche People grew corn, squash, beans, and peanuts. They also hunted llmas and guinea pigs and fished in the Pacific Ocean.
Rise of the Incas