Technology Fundamentals Chapter 1 – Part 1

What is Technology? Technology consists of processes and knowledge that people use to extend human abilities and to satisfy human needs and wants. Technology consists of processes and knowledge that people use to extend human abilities and to satisfy human needs and wants. Classified into six (6) broad areas: communication, energy and power, manufacturing, construction, transportation, and bio-related technology Classified into six (6) broad areas: communication, energy and power, manufacturing, construction, transportation, and bio-related technology

Why Study Technology Learn how the world works Learn how the world works Help relate what you learn in other subjects (Math, Science, etc.) Help relate what you learn in other subjects (Math, Science, etc.) Problem solving and life skills Problem solving and life skills

Evolution of Technology Changes in Society Changes in Society –Changing the way cultures live –Waterwheel technology Changes in Inventions Changes in Inventions –New technologies (Inventions) –Changes made to existing technologies (Innovations)

Evolution of Technology Stone Age – Before 3500 BC Stone Age – Before 3500 BC Bronze Age – BC Bronze Age – BC Iron Age – 1500 BC – 500 Iron Age – 1500 BC – 500 Middle Ages – Middle Ages – Renaissance – Renaissance – Industrial Revolution – 1750 – 1900 Industrial Revolution – 1750 – 1900 Information Age – Present Information Age – Present

Types of Technology Information/Communication Information/Communication –Technology that satisfies our needs and wants to obtain information and communicate Physical Physical –Technology that satisfies our physical needs and wants for clothing, shelter, and transportation Biological Biological –Technology that satisfies our needs and wants for food and medicine

Quick Review Q - Define Technology Q - Define Technology A - Processes and knowledge that people use to extend human abilities and to satisfy human needs and wants A - Processes and knowledge that people use to extend human abilities and to satisfy human needs and wants Q – What six areas can technology be classified into? Q – What six areas can technology be classified into? A – Communication, Energy and Power, Manufacturing, Construction, Transportation, Bio-related A – Communication, Energy and Power, Manufacturing, Construction, Transportation, Bio-related

Quick Review Q – New technologies are called what? Q – New technologies are called what? A – Inventions A – Inventions Q – Changes made to existing technologies are known as what? Q – Changes made to existing technologies are known as what? A – Innovations A – Innovations Q – The earliest known Technological Era was known as the what? Q – The earliest known Technological Era was known as the what? A – Stone Age A – Stone Age

Quick Review Q – What Technological Era/Age are we currently living in? Q – What Technological Era/Age are we currently living in? A – Information Age A – Information Age Q – Name the three (3) types of Technology. Q – Name the three (3) types of Technology. A – Information/Communication, Physical, Biological A – Information/Communication, Physical, Biological

Activity Select an Invention Select an Invention After you have selected an invention, research information such as who invented it, when and where it was invented, and why it was invented After you have selected an invention, research information such as who invented it, when and where it was invented, and why it was invented List any innovations that have been made to the invention List any innovations that have been made to the invention

Technology Fundamentals Chapter 1 – Part 2

Technology Systems Every technology can be described as a system Every technology can be described as a system A system is a group of parts that work together to achieve a goal A system is a group of parts that work together to achieve a goal Basic parts consist of an input, process, and output Basic parts consist of an input, process, and output

Input Input includes resources that are put into the system Input includes resources that are put into the system A resource is anything that provides support or supplies A resource is anything that provides support or supplies 7 Resources 7 Resources –People, Information, Materials, Tools and Machines, Energy, Capital, Time Desired Result Desired Result

Seven Resources People – Most important resource. Technology is created for them by them. Includes designers, workers, and salespeople People – Most important resource. Technology is created for them by them. Includes designers, workers, and salespeople Information – Anything needed to make the system work, including scientific knowledge, assembly instructions, and computer data Information – Anything needed to make the system work, including scientific knowledge, assembly instructions, and computer data

Seven Resources Materials – All things that make up a product, including wood, metal, and plastic. Materials may be classified as raw (found in nature) or industrial/synthetic (man-made) Materials – All things that make up a product, including wood, metal, and plastic. Materials may be classified as raw (found in nature) or industrial/synthetic (man-made) Tools and Machines – Anything used to make materials assume the size and form required to make the product. They extend our natural, human capabilities to do work Tools and Machines – Anything used to make materials assume the size and form required to make the product. They extend our natural, human capabilities to do work

Seven Resources Energy – Includes electrical energy to power machines and light, heat energy to keep buildings warm, and human (physical) energy to do work. Energy – Includes electrical energy to power machines and light, heat energy to keep buildings warm, and human (physical) energy to do work. Capital – Any form of wealth. Includes money, land, and equipment needed to set up and keep the system running. Working capital is money companies use to operate. Fixed capital includes property such as buildings and vehicles. Capital – Any form of wealth. Includes money, land, and equipment needed to set up and keep the system running. Working capital is money companies use to operate. Fixed capital includes property such as buildings and vehicles.

Seven Resources Time – Includes time required to build factories, design and make products, and ship products to stores. Everything requires time. Time is constant and always in motion. Time – Includes time required to build factories, design and make products, and ship products to stores. Everything requires time. Time is constant and always in motion.

Process Second part of the system Second part of the system Process includes all of the activities that need to take place for the system to give the expected result Process includes all of the activities that need to take place for the system to give the expected result Action part of the system Action part of the system

Output Third part of the system Third part of the system Output includes everything that results when the input and process parts of the system go into effect Output includes everything that results when the input and process parts of the system go into effect Actual Result Actual Result

Feedback Feedback is information about output that is sent back to the system to help determine whether the system is doing what it is supposed to do Feedback is information about output that is sent back to the system to help determine whether the system is doing what it is supposed to do Consists of a Monitor to check the system Consists of a Monitor to check the system Compares the Input to the Output and adjusts the Process if they are different Compares the Input to the Output and adjusts the Process if they are different

Systems Diagram INPUT People, Information, Tools/Machines, Materials, Energy Capital, Time COMPARE AND ADJUST PROCESS OUTPUT MONITOR

Quick Review Q – Define a System Q – Define a System A – A group of parts that work together to achieve a goal A – A group of parts that work together to achieve a goal Q – What are the basic parts of all systems? Q – What are the basic parts of all systems? A – Input, Process, Output A – Input, Process, Output

Quick Review Q – List the seven (7) resources Q – List the seven (7) resources A – People, Information, Tools and Machines, Materials, Energy, Capital, Time A – People, Information, Tools and Machines, Materials, Energy, Capital, Time Q – What is the part of the system called that compares the Input and Output? Q – What is the part of the system called that compares the Input and Output? A – Feedback A – Feedback

Activity Refer back to your invention Refer back to your invention How does it work? How does it work? Fill out a Systems Diagram for your invention Fill out a Systems Diagram for your invention

Technology Fundamentals Chapter 1 – Part 3

Impacts and Effects of Technology Impacts are significant effects technology provides Impacts are significant effects technology provides Desirable (positive) impacts are those that we want to happen Desirable (positive) impacts are those that we want to happen Undesirable (negative) impacts are those that we don’t want to happen Undesirable (negative) impacts are those that we don’t want to happen Expected results are those we know are going to happen Expected results are those we know are going to happen Unexpected are those that we do not know are going to happen Unexpected are those that we do not know are going to happen

Impacts and Effects of Technology Impacts of technology will results that are either Expected and Desired, Expected and Undesired, Unexpected and Desired, Unexpected and Undesired Impacts of technology will results that are either Expected and Desired, Expected and Undesired, Unexpected and Desired, Unexpected and Undesired

DesiredUndesired Expected Unexpected Fossil Fuels Provides heat and power for homes and vehicles Produces pollution Heat from these plants may warm up water providing new habitats for some animals Causes acid rain

Technology Assessment Studying the effects of technology is called technology assessment. Studying the effects of technology is called technology assessment. Involves looking at cost, safety, and economic and environmental impacts Involves looking at cost, safety, and economic and environmental impacts Trade-offs are weighed to determine if the positive impacts outweigh the negative Trade-offs are weighed to determine if the positive impacts outweigh the negative

Forecasting Techniques A trend is a popular movement that can be analyzed by observing people’s habits and preferences A trend is a popular movement that can be analyzed by observing people’s habits and preferences Trends help researchers plan for future technologies and the impacts they will have Trends help researchers plan for future technologies and the impacts they will have

Ethical Use of Technology Ethics are moral principles and values that guide conduct within a group of people Ethics are moral principles and values that guide conduct within a group of people Unethical behavior may not be against the law but the majority would deem it wrong Unethical behavior may not be against the law but the majority would deem it wrong

Quick Review Q – List four (4) possible impacts of technology. Q – List four (4) possible impacts of technology. A – Desirable, Undesirable, Expected, Unexpected A – Desirable, Undesirable, Expected, Unexpected Q – What are trade-offs? Q – What are trade-offs? A – Negative impacts that are accepted due to the Positive impacts of the same technology A – Negative impacts that are accepted due to the Positive impacts of the same technology

Quick Review Q – Define Trend Q – Define Trend A – A popular movement A – A popular movement Q – Define Ethics Q – Define Ethics A – Moral principles and values that guide conduct within a group of people A – Moral principles and values that guide conduct within a group of people

Activity Refer back to your invention Refer back to your invention What are the positive and negative impacts of the invention and its innovations? What are the positive and negative impacts of the invention and its innovations? Have any new technologies come from your invention and if so, what are they? Have any new technologies come from your invention and if so, what are they?

Activity Take this information and create a poster displaying your invention and the information you have gathered Take this information and create a poster displaying your invention and the information you have gathered