1. Universal System Model of Technology

2. Learning Standards
2. Engineering Design Engineering design is an iterative process that involves modeling and optimizing to develop technological solutions to problems within given constraints.
2.6 Identify the five elements of a universal systems model: goal, inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback.
Iterative:
repeating

3. Learning Objectives Students will be able to:
1) Define & describe the Universal Systems Model
2) Understand & explain the parts of the Universal System Model
3) Describe and explain the difference between an Open Loop System & a
Closed Loop System

4. Universal:
Pertains to all or everything
System:
Group of parts working together in an organized way to complete a task
Model:
A representation of something
Technology:
Something that extends human abilities or satisfies a need or want

5. Universal Systems Model of Technology
A model that can be used to describe every type of technology from the very simple (pencil) to the very complex (computer)

6. Universal System Model of Technology
Input
Everything necessary to design or develop a product or system
Goal:
What you want the system to do
7 Resources
Materials:
What things are made of
Information:
Knowledge used to create technology
Energy:
Source of power used to create technology
Capital:
Accumulated wealth (Money, Credit or Land)
Time:
How long it takes to complete a task
Tools &
Instrument that increases ability to do work
Machines:
Tool with a power system
People:
People use SKILL (Combination of knowledge & practice that enables you to do something well) to create technology

7. The most important resource (or input) for any technology is
People
Why????????
Without PEOPLE there would be no technology

8. Universal System Model of Technology
Input
Process
Output
Goal:
What you want the system to do
Resources: (7)
The result that comes out of the system
The steps that lead to a result
People, tools & machines, information, time, capital, energy, materials
Comparing the result to the original goal; adjustments are made to the inputs and/or processes
Feedback:
Closed Loop System
System that has a way to control or measure its output
Example: Heating & cooling systems in most homes and businesses

9. Universal System Model of Technology
Input
Process
Output
Goal:
What you want the system to do
Resources (7):
The result that comes out of the system
The steps that lead to a result
People, tools & machines, information, time, capital, energy, materials
Open Loop System
System has no way of controlling or measuring it’s output
Example: Heating your house with a wood stove or Filling a bathtub or sink with water

10. MCAS Question
The picture below shows an iron. When considering an iron as an example of a system, what is the input?
A. Electricity B. Temperature C. Motion D. Steam from the plate
A. Electricity 78%

11. MCAS Question 2008
After a windstorm, Nick called the electric company to report that he had no electricity. His phone call is an example of which of the following elements of the Universal Systems Model?
A. Designing a process B. Generating output C. Giving feedback D. Setting a goal
C. Giving feedback

12. MCAS Question B. Electricity
The picture below shows a toaster. Consider the toaster as an example of a system. Which of the following is the input in this system?
A. Temperature Setting B. Electricity C. The bread to be toasted D. The heat from the toasting bread
B. Electricity