 Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Innervation

 All of the following are from chapter 10 of the book OMT Review by Robert G. Savarese, John D. Capobianco, and James J. Cox, Jr.

 Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ & Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Head & Neck. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Head & Neck. Spinal Cord Level  T1 – T4.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Heart. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Heart. Spinal Cord Level  T1 – T5.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Respiratory System. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Respiratory System. Spinal Cord Level  T2 – T7.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Esophagus. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Esophagus. Spinal Cord Level  T2 – T8.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Upper Extremities. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Upper Extremities. Spinal Cord Level  T2 – T8.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Upper GI Tract:  Stomach.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Spleen.  Portion of Pancreas.  Duodenum. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Upper GI Tract:  Stomach.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Spleen.  Portion of Pancreas.  Duodenum. Spinal Cord Level  T5 – T9.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Middle GI Tract:  Portion of the Pancreas.  Jejunum.  Ileum.  Ascending Colon.  Proximal 2/3 Transverse Colon. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Middle GI Tract:  Portion of the Pancreas.  Jejunum.  Ileum.  Ascending Colon.  Proximal 2/3 Transverse Colon. Spinal Cord Level  T10 – T11.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Lower GI Tract:  Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon.  Descending Colon.  Sigmoid Colon.  Rectum. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ Lower GI Tract:  Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon.  Descending Colon.  Sigmoid Colon.  Rectum. Spinal Cord Level  T12 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Adrenal Medulla. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Adrenal Medulla. Spinal Cord Level  T10.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Kidneys. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Kidneys. Spinal Cord Level  T10 – T11.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Appendix. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Appendix. Spinal Cord Level  T12.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Upper Ureters. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Upper Ureters. Spinal Cord Level  T10 – T11.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Ureters. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Ureters. Spinal Cord Level  T12 – L1.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Bladder. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Bladder. Spinal Cord Level  T11 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Penis and Clitoris Tissue. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Penis and Clitoris Tissue. Spinal Cord Level  T11 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Gonads (Ovaries and Testes). Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Gonads (Ovaries and Testes). Spinal Cord Level  T10 – T11.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Uterus & Cervix. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Uterus & Cervix. Spinal Cord Level  T10 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Fallopian Tubes. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Fallopian Tubes. Spinal Cord Level  T10 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Prostate. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Prostate. Spinal Cord Level  T12 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicle. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicle. Spinal Cord Level  T12 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Extremities. Spinal Cord Level

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Extremities. Spinal Cord Level  T11 – L2.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganSpinal Cord Level  L3 – L5.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  NOTHING. Spinal Cord Level  L3 – L5.

 Sympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ & Corresponding Nerve/Ganglion

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Upper GI Tract:  Stomach.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Spleen.  Portion of Pancreas.  Duodenum

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Upper GI Tract:  Stomach.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Spleen.  Portion of Pancreas.  Duodenum  Greater Splanchnic Nerve & Celiac Ganglion.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Middle GI Tract:  Portion of the Pancreas.  Jejunum.  Ileum.  Ascending Colon.  Proximal 2/3 Transverse Colon.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Middle GI Tract:  Portion of the Pancreas.  Jejunum.  Ileum.  Ascending Colon.  Proximal 2/3 Transverse Colon.  Lesser Splanchnic Nerve and Superior Mesenteric Ganglion.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Lower GI Tract:  Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon.  Descending Colon.  Sigmoid Colon.  Rectum.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganNerve and Ganglion Lower GI Tract:  Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon.  Descending Colon.  Sigmoid Colon.  Rectum.  Least Splanchnic Nerve and Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Kidneys.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Kidneys.  Superior Mesenteric Ganglion.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Upper Ureters.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Upper Ureters.  Superior Mesenteric Ganglion.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Lower Ureters.

Sympathetic Innervation Visceral OrganGanglion  Lower Ureters.  Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion.

 Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ & Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Eye: Pupil & Lens. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Eye: Pupil & Lens. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 3 (Oculomotor Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lacrimal & Nasal Glands. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lacrimal & Nasal Glands. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 7 (Facial Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Submandibular & Sublingual Glands. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Submandibular & Sublingual Glands. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 7 (Facial Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Parotid Gland. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Parotid Gland. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 9 (Glossopharyngeal Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Heart. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Heart. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Bronchial Tree. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Bronchial Tree. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Esophagus (Lower 2/3).  Stomach.  Small Intestines.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Pancreas. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Esophagus (Lower 2/3).  Stomach.  Small Intestines.  Liver.  Gallbladder.  Pancreas. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Ascending and Transverse Colon. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Ascending and Transverse Colon. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Ovaries and Testes. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Ovaries and Testes. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Kidney and Upper Ureters. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Kidney and Upper Ureters. Nerves  Cranial Nerve 10 (Vagus Nerve).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Ureters and Bladder. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Lower Ureters and Bladder. Nerves  S2 – S4 (Pelvic Splanchnics).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Uterus, Prostate, and Genitalia. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Uterus, Prostate, and Genitalia. Nerves  S2 – S4 (Pelvic Splanchnics).

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Descending Colon and Sigmoid Rectum. Nerves

Parasympathetic Innervation Visceral Organ  Descending Colon and Sigmoid Rectum. Nerves  S2 – S4 (Pelvic Splanchnics).

 Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Innervation Structure & Function

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Pupil

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Constricts (Miosis). Sympathetic Function  Dilates (Mydriasis). Pupil

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Lens

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Contracts for near vision. Sympathetic Function  Slight relaxation for far vision. Lens

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Glands (Nasal, Lacrimal, Parotid, Submandibular, Gastric, and Pancreatic)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Stimulates Copious Secretion. Sympathetic Function  Vasoconstriction for slight constriction. Glands (Nasal, Lacrimal, Parotid, Submandibular, Gastric, and Pancreatic)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Sweat Glands

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Sweating on palms of hands. Sympathetic Function  Copious sweating (Cholinergic). Sweat Glands

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Heart

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Decreases contractility and conduction velocity. Sympathetic Function  Increases contractility and conduction velocity. Heart

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Lungs Bronchiolar Smooth Muscle

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Contracts. Sympathetic Function  Relaxes. Lungs Bronchiolar Smooth Muscle

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Lungs Respiratory Epithelium

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Decreases number of Goblet cells to enhance thin secretions. Sympathetic Function  Increases number of Goblet cells to produce thick secretions. Lungs Respiratory Epithelium

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GI Tract Smooth Muscle Lumen

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Contracts. Sympathetic Function  Relaxes. GI Tract Smooth Muscle Lumen

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GI Tract Sphincters

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Relaxes. Sympathetic Function  Contracts. GI Tract Sphincters

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GI Tract Secretion and Motility

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Increases. Sympathetic Function  Decreases. GI Tract Secretion and Motility

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Systematic Arterioles Skin and Visceral Vessels

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  None. Sympathetic Function  Contracts. Systematic Arterioles Skin and Visceral Vessels

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Systematic Arterioles Skeletal Muscle

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  None. Sympathetic Function  Relaxes. Systematic Arterioles Skeletal Muscle

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GU Bladder Wall (Detrusor)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Contracts. Sympathetic Function  Relaxes. GU Bladder Wall (Detrusor)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GU Bladder Sphincter (Trigone)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Relaxes. Sympathetic Function  Contracts. GU Bladder Sphincter (Trigone)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function GU Penis

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Erection. Sympathetic Function  Ejaculation. GU Penis

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Kidneys

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Unknown. Sympathetic Function  Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole.  Decreases GFR.  Decreases urine output. Kidneys

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Ureters

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Maintains normal peristalsis. Sympathetic Function  Ureterospasm. Ureters

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Liver

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Slight glycogen synthesis. Sympathetic Function  Glycogenolysis (release of glucose in the blood). Liver

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Uterus Body (Fundus)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Relaxation. Sympathetic Function  Constricts. Uterus Body (Fundus)

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function Sympathetic Function Uterus Cervix

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Structure & Function Parasympathetic Function  Constricts. Sympathetic Function  Relaxes. Uterus Cervix