Life and Ecology 1 Module #1 – Supporting Standards

Organism Characteristics Prokaryote- Organism whose cells do not have a nucleus Eukaryote- Organism whose cells do have a nucleus Unicellular- Organisms that only have 1 cell Multicellular- Organisms that have 2 or more cells Autotroph- Organisms that make their own food Heterotroph- Organisms that have to eat their food Asexual- Reproduce themselves. 1 parent involved. Offspring is uniform, or all the same. Sexual- Two parents required to produce offspring. Offspring is diverse. Readiness

Energy Flow in Food Chains, Food Webs, and Energy Pyramids Food Chain- follow the arrows to see how the energy flows. Readiness

Energy Flow in Food Chains, Food Webs, and Energy Pyramids Food Webs- describe all the relationships in a ecosystem. They compose of many food chains. Readiness

Energy Flow in Food Chains, Food Webs, and Energy Pyramids Energy Pyramid Readiness

Human Effect on Watersheds A watershed consists of all the surface water (rivers, streams, lakes, gutters) and its ground water (aquifers, wells, any water source underground). Readiness

Human Effect on Watersheds Farmers and other citizens sometimes use too much fertilizer or change their oil in the driveway. When this happens, run- off can occur which then pollutes the watershed, which in turn harms the ecosystems in those particular watersheds. Readiness

Human Impact on Oceans Humans often cause run-off of nitrogen into the oceans because of the over use of chemical fertilizers on farms and lawns. This often results in algae blooms, which causes an imbalance within the ocean ecosystem. Humans can also over fish for food resources from the ocean which can cause more producers because less consumers are available to eat them. Sunken ships and even artwork is often used to create artificial reefs or ecosystems for marine life. Readiness

Biodiversity and Sustainability Biodiversity means that there is a wide variety of life in an ecosystem. The more different types of organisms we have, the better the ecosystem will survive. If biodiversity is lost, then the ecosystem cannot sustain itself. Readiness

Ecological Succession Ecological succession occurs slowly over time. Fire happens After 1 year. Readiness

Dichotomous Keys A dichotomous key is a tool to help classify organisms based on their characteristics. Readiness

Natural Selection and Selective Breeding Nature determines the characteristics of organisms that make it suitable to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. Selective breeding is when organisms with the desired characteristics are bred to produce a new organism with those desired characteristics only. Readiness

Human Body Systems DR. MCSNEER II Digestive- absorbs nutrients from food into the blood stream Reproductive- makes new organisms Muscular- Helps body move Circulatory- Delivers oxygen rich blood all over the body Skeletal- supports body and helps protect organs. Readiness

Human Body Systems DR. MCSNEER II Nervous- Includes brain and nerves. Control center of body. Excretory- kidneys, filters waste from blood. Sweating. Endocrine- glands, hormones regulate growth, organ functioning, reproduction. Respiratory- Lungs, Intake of Oxygen, release of carbon dioxide waste Integumentary- skin, nails, hari, outer protective layer of body Immune- fights diseases. Readiness

Plant and Animal Cells You have to be able to describe what parts that plants and animal cells have in common and which ones are different. Readiness Only Plant CellBothOnly Animal Cell ChloroplastNucleusSmaller vacuole Cell WallCell Membrane Larger VacuoleMitochondria Golgi body

Plant and Animal Cells Readiness

Cell Theory According to cell theory all organisms are composed of cells and cells carry on similar functions such as extracting energy from food to sustain life. Readiness

Reproduction Asexual - Produces uniform offspring Sexual- Produces diverse offspring Readiness

Inheritance: Genes, Chromosomes Inherited traits of individuals are governed in the genetic material found in the genes within chromosomes in the nucleus. Readiness