International Maritime Organization Polar Code U.S. Coast Guard

Introduction Polar Code provides added regulations for ships in Arctic & Antarctic waters as amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Two parts – Safety and Environment Safety Part – applies to cargo ships over 500 gross tons and passenger ships (more than 12 passengers) on international voyages in polar waters Environment Part – applies to all ships in polar waters. Mandatory inspection & certification for larger ships (ships over 400 GT and tankers over 150 GT) Risk based code to address various factors, more stringent standards are applied as level of risk increases for anticipated operations Ice/Low Temperature High Latitude Remoteness from Response Resources Limited Charting Pristine Environment Figure illustrating Arctic boundary Antarctic Boundary = 60oS

Polar Code Applicability in Alaska

IMO Polar Code Part I: Safety General Chapter Polar Ship Certificate Low Temperature Testing/ Certification for exposed equipment Operational Limitations based on risk assessment: Ice operations Low temperatures High latitudes Polar Water Operational Manual May use SMS materials Document Ship’s Capabilities & Limitations – based on risk assessment Procedures for Normal Ops including voyage planning Contingency Planning Icebreaker Escort/Convey (as applicable)

IMO Polar Code Part I: Safety Ship Structure & Stability Category A – medium first year ice or greater Category B – Thin first year ice to medium first year ice Category C – less than 1/10 ice concentrations Cat. A & B – IACS PC Rules Cat. C – Flag State approval Ice Accretion Intact Stability Calculations Category A & B Ice Damage Calculations

IMO Polar Code Part I: Safety Machinery & Fire Protection Lifesaving Chapter Protection from: ice accretion ice ingestion, snow accumulation freezing of liquids Exposed machinery foundations & propeller scantlings IACS PC Rules Escape Routes Evacuation (Equipment) Survival Individual (Insulated Immersion Suits and/or Thermal Protective Aids) Group Survival Kits Personal Survival Kits

IMO Polar Code Part I: Safety Navigation Communications Receiving & Displaying Ice Conditions Protection of underwater sensors/transducers High Latitude – two non-magnetic & one GNSS heading device Ships – two-way communication equip w/ Rescue Coordination Centers Rescue boats & Lifeboats –transmitting device & on-scene communications devices, including ship-shore Other survival craft - transmitting device & on-scene communications device

IMO Polar Code Part I: Safety Crew Training Familiarization training All crew members Ice Navigation Basic Advanced* STCW Certification Competency tables to be developed at HTW 2 (FEB 2015) * May use a person other than the crew to satisfy the advanced training requirement if the crew member being supplemented has basic training.

IMO Polar Code Part II: Environment Requirements are in addition to MARPOL requirements (including MARPOL Antarctic Special Area requirements) No discharge oil & oily mixtures No discharge of noxious liquid substances (NLS) New discharge restrictions (distance to ice considerations): Sewage Food waste Cargo residues Added tank protection for oil/oily mixtures and NLS tanks Compliance with applicable structural/equipment requirements is noted on existing MARPOL certificates.

Implementation/Future Opportunities Standard port state control & U.S. inspection regimes Local D17 Policies Figure illustrating U.S. Coast Guard Enforcement Regime Future Opportunities Uniform ice strengthening standards Develop consistent ice measurement standards for different ice class rules Remoteness & High Latitude Increased MDA and Communications Rapidly Changing & Severe Weather Sensors & Forecasting Ice & Low Temperatures Ice Management & Forecasting Limited Charting Hydrographic Surveys & Traffic Schemes Environment & Indigenous Culture Input to Arctic Council, Arctic Waterways Safety Committee, Port Access Route Study

PARS Proposed Route Unimak Pass to Chukchi Sea, w/extension towards St Lawrence Is. 4 nm wide two-way vessel route 8 nm circular precautionary areas Length (N-S) ~730nm; + Extra Leg (~86nm) = ~816nm Closes Points of Approach: Nunivak Is – 24.3nm Northeast Cape of St. Lawrence Is – 28.2nm Chibukak Pt of St. Lawrence Is. – 27.5 nm King Is – 4.2nm Cape Prince of Wales (Bering St) 5.2nm Fairway Rock (Bering St) – 5.8nm Little Diomede (Bering St) – 9.7nm

AIS Heat Signature of Vessel Traffic The greatest concentration of traffic is within 150 miles of shore after the Bering Strait. The majority of traffic entering the hub communities of Nome, Kotzebue, and Barrow are tug and barges delivering commodities. - The first high capacity cruise ship will transit the Northwest Passage this summer. Length (N-S) ~730nm; + Extra Leg (~86nm) = ~816nm Closes Points of Approach: Nunivak Is – 24.3nm Northeast Cape of St. Lawrence Is – 28.2nm Chibukak Pt of St. Lawrence Is. – 27.5 nm King Is – 4.2nm Cape Prince of Wales (Bering St) 5.2nm Fairway Rock (Bering St) – 5.8nm Little Diomede (Bering St) – 9.7nm