THE CRUCIBLE 2015https://

PROLOGUE Prologue Questions Prologue Questions Terminology Bookmark Terminology Bookmark Scene One in the Woods (clip) Scene One in the Woods (clip) Reading Reading

CONTEXT AND VOCAB Crucible: a severe, searching test or trial. a container of metal or refractory material employed for heating substances to high temperatures. Crucible: a severe, searching test or trial. a container of metal or refractory material employed for heating substances to high temperatures. Puritanism : extreme strictness in moral or religious matters, often to excess; rigid austerity. Puritanism : extreme strictness in moral or religious matters, often to excess; rigid austerity. Parochial : having a limited or narrow outlook or scope. Parochial : having a limited or narrow outlook or scope. Predestination: Predestination: Witch’s Sabbath: Witch’s Sabbath:

Christians in England had began to feel that the church was corrupt. Christians in England had began to feel that the church was corrupt. As a result, reformers suggested that scripture, NOT the clergy, should guide Christian life. As a result, reformers suggested that scripture, NOT the clergy, should guide Christian life. ! THE POPE’S AUTHORITY WASCHALLENGED !

1543 – King Henry broke away from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England – King Henry broke away from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England. BY LAW English citizens were forced to join the new church. BY LAW English citizens were forced to join the new church. However, many began to believe that their quarrel was with a temporal authority dictating spiritual life, not with the pope. However, many began to believe that their quarrel was with a temporal authority dictating spiritual life, not with the pope.

These non-conformists were called These non-conformists were called ………………….. PURITANS!!

Several beliefs differentiated Puritans from other Christians, but one stands out: Several beliefs differentiated Puritans from other Christians, but one stands out: PREDESTINATION: The belief that all features of salvation are determined by God’s sovereignty. PREDESTINATION: The belief that all features of salvation are determined by God’s sovereignty. Including those were to be saved Including those were to be saved *Belief in Jesus was not enough! *Belief in Jesus was not enough! *Participation in sacraments was not enough! *Participation in sacraments was not enough! Neither of the above could effect salvation! Neither of the above could effect salvation!

PREDESTINATION

The Puritan movement began in England in the middle of the sixteenth century (1500’s). The Puritan movement began in England in the middle of the sixteenth century (1500’s). Puritanism moved into the New England colonies by way of settlers in the New World. Puritanism moved into the New England colonies by way of settlers in the New World.

PURITANICAL LAWS AND PUNISHMENTS The laws and restrictions of the Puritans are known as some of the harshest in early American colonization and were administered through religion. The laws and restrictions of the Puritans are known as some of the harshest in early American colonization and were administered through religion. A person was fined, imprisoned, and whipped for non-attendance at church services! A person was fined, imprisoned, and whipped for non-attendance at church services! People were dealt with more harshly if they spoke against religion or denied the divine origin of any book from the Bible. People were dealt with more harshly if they spoke against religion or denied the divine origin of any book from the Bible.

Women were not allowed to wear lace or have clothes that showed skin! Women were not allowed to wear lace or have clothes that showed skin! Only the wrists Long hair worn by men, smoking in public, or showing P.D.A. was unacceptable!! Long hair worn by men, smoking in public, or showing P.D.A. was unacceptable!! A man was not permitted to kiss his wife in public. Captain Kimble, returning from a three-years' ocean voyage, kissed his wife on his own doorstep and spent two hours in the stocks for his "lewed and unseemly behavior.“ A man was not permitted to kiss his wife in public. Captain Kimble, returning from a three-years' ocean voyage, kissed his wife on his own doorstep and spent two hours in the stocks for his "lewed and unseemly behavior.“ Youths were not allowed to court one another in public and needed the consent of the girl’s parents. Youths were not allowed to court one another in public and needed the consent of the girl’s parents. Children were often found crying in fear they would go to hell and not be chosen as the elect! Children were often found crying in fear they would go to hell and not be chosen as the elect! Crying was done privately as children were punished for doing so in public!!!!!! Crying was done privately as children were punished for doing so in public!!!!!!

RELIGION IS EVERYTHING But the most striking feature in the life of New England is found in its religion. The State was founded on religion, and religion was its life. The entire political, social, and industrial fabric was built on religion. Puritanism was painfully stern and somber; it was founded on the strictest, purified Calvinism; it breathed the air of legalism rather than of free grace, and received its inspiration from the Old Testament rather than the New But the most striking feature in the life of New England is found in its religion. The State was founded on religion, and religion was its life. The entire political, social, and industrial fabric was built on religion. Puritanism was painfully stern and somber; it was founded on the strictest, purified Calvinism; it breathed the air of legalism rather than of free grace, and received its inspiration from the Old Testament rather than the New

WITCHES SABBATH

SABBATH

Flying on animals to congregate and honor the devil in many different ways. Flying on animals to congregate and honor the devil in many different ways. Blatantly profaning the Christian religion Blatantly profaning the Christian religion Signing contracts with the devil Signing contracts with the devil Sexual Acts Sexual Acts Conspiring against the lives of others in their community (PLOTTING) Conspiring against the lives of others in their community (PLOTTING) The devil is assigned a great deal of power as he seems to be the source and inspiration for all of the works of the witches. The devil is assigned a great deal of power as he seems to be the source and inspiration for all of the works of the witches.

FIRST SCENE Forest – The Wilderness Forest – The Wilderness Exclusively Women, young girls Exclusively Women, young girls Race Race A black slave leads the potion creation. A black slave leads the potion creation. “Witch Doctor” “Witch Doctor” West African Belief system West African Belief system = Difference/ Marginalized

CHARACTERS John Proctor - A local farmer who lives just outside town; Elizabeth Proctor’s husband. A stern, harsh-tongued man, John hates hypocrisy. Nevertheless, he has a hidden sin. John Proctor - A local farmer who lives just outside town; Elizabeth Proctor’s husband. A stern, harsh-tongued man, John hates hypocrisy. Nevertheless, he has a hidden sin. Abigail Williams - Reverend Parris’s niece. Abigail was once the servant for the Proctor household Abigail Williams - Reverend Parris’s niece. Abigail was once the servant for the Proctor household Reverend John Hale - A young minister reputed to be an expert on witchcraft. Reverend Hale is called in to Salem to examine Parris’s daughter Betty. Reverend John Hale - A young minister reputed to be an expert on witchcraft. Reverend Hale is called in to Salem to examine Parris’s daughter Betty. Elizabeth Proctor - John Proctor’s wife. Elizabeth Proctor - John Proctor’s wife. Reverend Parris - The minister of Salem’s church. Reverend Parris - The minister of Salem’s church.

VOCAB Dissembling: conceal one's true motives, feelings, or beliefs. Dissembling: conceal one's true motives, feelings, or beliefs. Providence: the protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power. Providence: the protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power. "they found their trust in divine providence to be a source of comfort" Pilgrimage: a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion. Pilgrimage: a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion. Allegory: A symbolic narrative, a representation of an abstract or spiritual meaning through concrete or material forms Allegory: A symbolic narrative, a representation of an abstract or spiritual meaning through concrete or material forms Theology: study of divine things or religious truth; divinity. Theology: study of divine things or religious truth; divinity. Ideology: a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. Ideology: a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

REPUTATION

CONTEMPLATIVE WRITING ACTIVITY REPUTATION Reputation is a delicate thing. Reputation is a delicate thing. It is something that we build up over time through our actions and decisions and can be a valuable expression of our identity. It is something that we build up over time through our actions and decisions and can be a valuable expression of our identity. Just as valuable as it is, it can be taken away very easily. Just as valuable as it is, it can be taken away very easily. What can compromise a reputation? What can compromise a reputation?

CONTEMPLATIVE WRITING #1 Describe what reputation means to you personally. Think about what reputation (name) means in the play and if the same ideas apply to your life. Describe what reputation means to you personally. Think about what reputation (name) means in the play and if the same ideas apply to your life. 1.Is reputation important? (in general and/or to you) 2.How is reputation changed? What is the largest threat to reputation today? 3.Do you personally care about reputation? 4.Has your reputation ever been changed? 5.Have you ever changed the reputation of another person?